Sains Malaysiana 35(1): 23-30 (2006)

Ciri Fiziko-Kimia Tanih di Bahagian Barat

Pulau Indah, Klang, Selangor

(Physico-chemical Characteristics of Soil at Western

Part of Pulau Indah, Klang, Selangor)

Tukimat Lihan & Sahibin Abdul Rahim

Program Sains Sekitaran

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

Aeslina Abdul Kadir

Jauharatuddini Ariffin & Suzana Ismail

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan

Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussien Onn

86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor Malaysia

ABSTRAK

Sebanyak dua puluh lima sampel tanih atas (0-15 cm) telah diambil dari enam stesen persampelan di kawasan Pulau Indah, Klang, Selangor. Sampel ini telah dianalisis untuk menentukan kandungan logam berat, ciri fiziko-kimia dan nutrien di dalam tanih. Tanih telah dikutip dari stesen berasingan berdasarkan jenis tanih dan aktiviti pembangunan gunatanah yang berlainan. Didapati bahawa tanih di kawasan kajian didominasi oleh tekstur pasir kecuali di Stesen 1 dan 6 yang didominasi oleh tekstur lempung. Kandungan nutrien tersedia dipengaruhi oleh jenis tanih, dengan purata kandungan K dan Mg tinggi dalam tanih lempung manakala purata kandungan PO tinggi dalam tanih pasir. Kandungan nutrien terlarut pula dipengaruhi oleh aktiviti gunatanah, dengan kandungan NO-N dan NH-N terlarut adalah tinggi di kawasan pertanian manakala kandungan SO  terlarut pula tinggi di kawasan terminal minyak dan kawasan industri logam. Ciri kimia dipengaruhi oleh jenis tanih di mana pH, kapasiti pertukaran kation dan kandungan bahan organik lebih tinggi di dalam tanih lempung berbanding tanih pasir. Kandungan logam berat dipengaruhi oleh jenis guna tanah, dengan kandungan Pb dan Zn tinggi di kawasan pertanian. Kandungan As dan Co pula adalah tinggi di kawasan terminal minyak dan industri logam. Kawasan gudang menunjukkan bacaan yang tertinggi bagi Ni dan Cr manakala kawasan Pelabuhan Sarat menunjukkan bacaan Cu yang tertinggi. Secara keseluruhannya, kepekatan kandungan Pb, Cu, Ni dan Co masih berada di bawah paras yang berpotensi toksik dalam tanih manakala sebahagian dari nilai As, Cr dan Zn melebihi paras yang berpotensi toksik dalam tanih.

Kata kunci: Ciri fiziko-kimia tanih, Pulau Indah, logam berat, guna tanah

ABSTRACT

Twenty-five topsoil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from six sampling stations in Pulau Indah, Klang, Selangor. The soils were analyzed for their heavy metal composition, physico-chemical characteristics and nutrient contents. Soils were taken from six different localities in accordance with the type of soil and land uses. It was found that station 2, 3, 4 and 5 were dominated by sand whereas station 1 and 6 were dominated by clay. Available nutrient content was influenced by the types of soil, where the mean of available K and Mg were relatively higher in clay textured soil, whereas PO was higher in sandy textured soil. Soluble nutrient content was influenced by land use factor. Soluble NO-N dan NH-N were high in agricultural area whereas soluble SO were high in oil terminal and metals industrial area. Chemical properties were more influenced by the type of soil where pH, cation exchange capacity and organic matter content were higher in clayey soil compared to sandy soil. Heavy metal concentration in soil is correlated with landuse type of the area. Lead and Zn concentration were higher in agricultural area whilst, As and Co contents are high in areas near to oil terminal and metals industry. Nickel and Cr content were high in warehouse area, whereas Cu content was high in Westport area. As an overall, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Co concentration were below the threshold of potentially toxic level in soil whereas some of the As, Cr and Zn concentration were higher than the threshold of potentially toxic level in soil.  

Keywords: Physico-chemical characteristics, Pulau Indah, heavy metals, land use 

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