Sains Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2869–2875

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-30

 

Pengoptimuman Parameter Pengacuan Suntikan terhadap Ketumpatan Jasad Anum untuk Komposit Aloi Titanium-Wolastonit

(Optimization of Injection Molding Parameter towards Density of Green Part for Titanium Alloy-Wollastonite Composite)

MOHD IKRAM RAMLI, ABU BAKAR SULONG^*, NORHAMIDI MUHAMAD, ANDANASTUTI MUCHTAR & MOHD YUSUF ZAKARIA

 

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 26 April 2018 /Diterima: 20 Julai 2018

 

ABSTRAK

Pembangunan bahan komposit aloi titanium (Ti6Al4V)/wolastonit (WA) semakin mendapat permintaan yang tinggi terutamanya dalam aplikasi implan tulang. Ti6Al4V adalah sejenis aloi logam yang terkenal dengan sifat mekanik yang tinggi dan bioserasi manakala seramik WA merupakan bahan biokaca yang bersifat bioaktif dan sesuai untuk dijadikan bahan implan. Proses pengacuan suntikan serbuk (PIM) adalah proses teknologi serbuk yang boleh menghasilkan jasad yang kecil dan berbentuk kompleks pada kos yang rendah. Ketumpatan jasad anum yang rendah boleh menyebabkan kecacatan seperti retakan berlaku semasa proses penyahikatan dan pensinteran dijalankan. Oleh itu, jasad anum yang optimum terhadap ketumpatan adalah penting bagi menghasilkan komposit yang mempunyai sifat mekanik dan fizikal yang baik. Kajian ini memberi tumpuan terhadap kesan parameter proses pengacuanan terhadap jasad anum komposit Ti6Al4V/WA. Nilai pembebanan serbuk ialah 67.0 % isi padu. Serbuk Ti6Al4V dan WA dengan nisbah peratus berat masing-masing adalah 90:10 dicampurkan bersama 60 % bt. stearin sawit (SS) dan 40% bt. polietilena (PE) untuk membentuk bahan suapan. Parameter optimum yang diperoleh bagi proses pengacuanan suntikan ditentukan melalui kaedah Taguchi berdasarkan ketumpatan jasad anum ialah: suhu penyuntikan pada 130°C, suhu acuan pada 50°C, tekanan penyuntikan pada 13 bar dan masa penyuntikan pada 10 s. Nilai purata ketumpatan tertinggi adalah 3.095 g/cm3. Analisis ANOVA menunjukkan suhu acuan memberikan pengaruh paling tinggi iaitu 57.63% bagi mendapatkan jasad anum yang mempunyai ketumpatan yang tinggi. Uji kaji pengesahan menunjukkan jasad anum yang terhasil berada dalam julat prestasi optimum yang dijangkakan. Penghasilan jasad anum yang bebas daripada kecacatan adalah penting bagi menentukan sifat mekanik dan fizikal yang baik pada jasad sinter.

 

Kata kunci: Komposit logam-seramik; pengacuan suntikan serbuk; reka bentuk kajian; sifat mekanik; sifat fizikal

 

ABSTRACT

The development of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V)/wollastonite (WA) composite getting high demand especially in bone implant applications. Ti6Al4V is a type of metal alloy that well known for its high mechanical properties and biocompatibility while ceramic WA is a bioglass materials which is bioactive and suitable for implan application. The powder injection molding process (PIM) is a powder technology process that can produce small and complex shapes at a low cost. The low density of green part can cause defects such as cracks that occur during the debinding and sintering process. Therefore, an optimum green part to density is essential to produce a composite that good in mechanical and physical properties. This study focuses on the effects of the molding process parameters on green part of Ti6Al4V/WA composite. The powder loading value was 67.0 vol. %. Ti6Al4V and WA powder with their weight percentages are 90:10 were mixed together with 60 wt. % palm stearin (SS) and 40 wt. % polyethylene (PE) to produced feedstock. The optimum parameters obtained for the injection molding process are determined by the Taguchi’s method based on density of the green part as follows: injection temperature of 130°C, mold temperature of 50°C, injection pressure of 13 bar, holding time of 10 s. The highest average density value is 3.095 g/cm3. Analysis of variance shows that the injection temperature gives the highest influence which is 57.63% to obtain a green part with highest density. The confirmation test shows that the green part produced are within the expected of performance optimum range. The production of green part that free from defects is important to determine the good mechanical and physical properties of the sintered part.

 

Keywords: Design of experiment; metal-ceramic composite; mechanical properties; physical properties; powder injection molding

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 *Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: abubakar@ukm.edu.my