The
Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 11 No 1 (2007): 84 – 92
DELAMINATED ZEOLITE, ITQ-6 AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST
FOR FRIEDEL CRAFTS ALKYLATION
Zainab Ramli, Noor Aishikin Mohd Yusoff and
Halimaton Hamdan
Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
81310 UTM Skudai,
Johor, Malaysia
Abstract
The ability
of ITQ-6, a kind of mesoporous
zeolitic material to replace microporous zeolite as catalyst
has attracted particular attention. In this study, modification of a
precursor of microporous ferrierite, PREFER to mesoporous material, ITQ-6 was
carried out by delamination technique. The XRD results show that the
crystalline phase of PREFER diminished for the sample after delamination.
Porosity study of the ITQ-6 sample shows formation of homogeneous mesopores in
the size between 3.5-4.0 nm. The acidity study indicates that ITQ-6 still
contains appreciable amounts of Brönsted and Lewis acidities. Catalytic
evaluation of the resulting material, ITQ-6 was carried out in the alkylation
of resorcinol with methyl tert-butyl ether
which gave 4- tert-butyl resorcinol and 4,6-di-tert-butyl resorcinol as
main products. The conversion of
resorcinol when using ITQ-6 was ten times higher than ferrierite, FER with
similar selectivit y of disubstituted product. It shows that the mesoporosity
of ITQ-6 was responsible for the higher activity of the catalyst in the
reaction.
Keywords : Mesoporous
ITQ-6, Microporous FER, alkylation of resorcinol
References
1. Sankarasubbier, N. and Murthy, K.V.V.S.
B.S.R. 2001, Montmorillonite as a Versatile Solid Acid Catalyst for tert.- Butylation of Resorcinol,
Applied Catalysis A: General, 213: 273-278.
2. Jung,
W. Y., Yoo,
J. W., Lee,
C. W., Jeong,
H. C., Park
Y. K. and
Park S. E.
2000, t-Butylation of
1,2- dihydroxybenzene over Acidic Zeolites, Catalysis Today, 60: 255–261
3. Arishtirova K., Kovacheva, P. and
Vassilev, S. 2001,,BaO/NaX Zeolite as a B asic C atalyst for
oxidativemethylation of Toluene with M ethane, Applied Catalysis A: General,
213: 197–202
4. Javier P. R., Kumar, M. S. and
Brückner, A. 2004. Reduction of N2O with CO over FeMFI Zeolites: Influence of
the Preparation M ethod on the Iron Species and Catalytic Behaviour. Journal of
Catalysis . 223: 13-27
5. Serrano, D. P., Aguado, J., Escola, J.
M. and Rodríguez, J. M. 2005, Influence of Nanocrystalline HZSM -5 External Surface
on the Catalytic Cracking of Polyolefins, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis , 74:
353–360
6. Huang, Y., Meng, X., Dang, Z., Weng, S.
and Zhan g, C. 1995, Light Olefin Synthesis from Carbon
Dioxide by Hydrogenation over Fe3(CO)12
Supported on ZSM -5 Zeolite Catalyst, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.,
10:1025-1026
7. Krishnan, A.V., Ojha, K. and Pradhan,
N.C. 2002, Alkylation of Phenol with Tertiary Butyl Alcohol over Zeolites, Organic
Process Research & Development, 6: 132-137
8. Cheralathan, K.K, Kumar, I.S.,
Palanichamy, M. and Murugesan, V. 2005, Liquid Phase Alkylation of Phenol with
4- hydroxybutan-2-one in the Presence of Modified Zeolite Beta, Applied
Catalysis A, 241: 247-260
9. Corma, A., Fornes, V., Pergher, S. B.,
and M aesen, Th. L. M. and Buglass, J.
G. 1998, Delaminated Zeolite Precursor as Selective Acidic Catalyst, Nature,
396: 353-356.
10. Climent,
M. J., Corma, A. and Velty, A. 2004, Synthesis of hyacinth, vanilla, and
blossom orange fragrances: The benefit
of using zeolites and delaminated zeolites as catalysts, Applied Catalysis A:
General, 263: 155-161
11. Corma,
A., Diaz, U., Domine, M. E. and Fornés, V. 2000, New Aluminosilicate and
Titanosilicate Delaminated Materials Active
for Acid Catalysis,
and Oxidation Reactions
Using H2O2, Journal American Chemical Society, 122(12): 2804 - 2809;
12. Corma,
A., García, H. and Miralles, J. 2001, High activity layered zeolite ITQ-2 as
catalyst for the hydroxyalkylation of
2-methoxynaphthalene and naphthalene
with paraformaldehyde; Comparison
of its performance
with that conventional z eolites
or mesoporous Al/MCM -41, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials , 43: 161-169.
13. Schreyeck,
L., Caullet, P., Mougenel, J. C., Guth, J. L. and Marler, B. 1996, PREFER: A
New Layered (Alumino) Silicat e Precursor Of FER-Type Zeolite, Microporous
Materials , 6: 259-271.
14. Concepción,
P. López, C. Mart ínez, A. and Puntes, V. F. 2004, Characterization and
catalytic properties of cobalt supported on delaminated ITQ-6 and ITQ-2
zeolites for the Fis cher–Tropsch synthesis reaction, Journal of Catalysis, 228:
321–332