Malaysian Journal of  Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No 1 (2015): 261 – 267

 

 

 

EFFECTS OF FUNCTIONAL GROUP OF NON-IONIC SURFACTANTS ON THE STABILITY OF EMULSION

 

(Kesan Perbezaan Kumpulan Berfungsi Surfaktan Bukan Ionik Terhadap Kestabilan Emulsi)

 

Nursakinah Ibrahim^1,2, Ismail Ab Raman¹, Muhammad Rahimi Yusop²*

 

¹Advanced Oleochemicals Technology Division,

Malaysian Palm Oil Board,

No 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia

²School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: rahimi@ukm.edu.my

 

 

Abstract

Three mixed blend non-ionic surfactants: fatty acid polyethoxylates (POE) (20), POE (20) sorbitan monooleate (or Tween 80) and fatty alcohol POE (25) bounded by 20 -25 moles of ethylene oxides (EO) mixed with Laureth-1 were choosen to analyse their different functional group and its properties to the emulsion. The oil phase used is palm methyl ester C₁₂-_18. The emulsification process was carried out at 52 ± 2˚C by using high speed homogeniser. Emulsifying properties were investigated through a hydrophyl-lipophyl balance (HLB) value range from HLB 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14. The formation and stability of the emulsions were characterized through mean droplet size, zeta potential and surface tension. This study shows blend fatty alcohol POE (25EO) with HLB 11±1 shows optimum mean droplet size 1.970 μm to 2.099 μm, stable zeta potential at -37.91 mV to -40.8 mV and low surface tension value at 31.186 mN/m to 32.865 mN/m.

 

Keyword: surfactant, Hydrophyl-lipophyl balance (HLB), polyoxyethelene (POE)

 

Abstrak

Tiga campuran surfaktan bukan ionik: asid lemak polietoksilat (POE) (20), POE (20) sorbitan monooleat (Tween 80) dan alkohol lemak POE (25) yang mempunyai 20 - 25 molekul etilena oksida (EO), dicampur dengan Laureth-1 telah dipilih untuk dianalisis sifat perbezaan kumpulan berfungsi dan sifat terhadap emulsi. Fasa minyak yang digunakan adalah metil ester sawit C_12-18. Nilai keseimbangan hidrofilik-lipofilik (KHL) oleh ketiga-tiga campuran surfaktan dihasilkan pada KHL 10, 11, 12, 13 dan 14. Pembentukan dan kestabilan emulsi dicirikan melalui saiz titisan, keupayaan zeta dan tegangan permukaan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan campuran alkohol lemak POE (25EO) dengan KHL 11±1 mempunyai optimum saiz titisan 1.970 μm hingga 2.099 μm, keupayaan zeta yang stabil pada -37.91 mV hingga -40.8 mV dan tegangan permukaan rendah pada 31.186 mN/m hingga 32.865 mN/m.

 

Kata kunci: surfaktan, Nilai keseimbangan hidrofilik lipofilik (KHL), polietoksilat (POE)

 

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