Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No 4 (2015): 781 - 789

 

 

 

ASSESSSMENT THE MOLLUSCICIDAL PROPERTIES OF AZADIRACHTIN AGAINST GOLDEN APPLE SNAIL, POMACEA CANALICULATA

 

(Penilaian Sifat-sifat Racun Siput Azadirachtin Terhadap Siput Gondang Emas, Pomacea canaliculata)

 

Rosdiyani Massaguni* and Siti Noor Hajjar Md. Latip

 

Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology,

Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: naniefrezy@yahoo.com

 

 

Received: 23 November 2014; Accepted: 27 June 2015

 

 

Abstract

Concern with the negative impact of synthetic pesticide on environment and human health have led this study in order to evaluate the molluscicidal efficacies of azadirachtin in neem seed crude extract on golden apple snail. Azadirachtin was extracted by maceration technique using four different solvents and the quantity of azadirachtin in extracts was compared to select the best solvent. Then, bioassays were performed on adult of golden apple snail to compare the molluscicidal activity of azadirachtin. A comparison of the extractive yields of different solvents indicated that the polarity of the solvents tested not significantly influence in enhanced the azadirachtin yields. The result on mortality rate of golden apple snail subjected to various concentration and solvent extracts indicated that neem seed crude extracts significantly killed the golden apple snail. The LC₅₀ values of the methanol extract (21.008mg/ml) were the lowest, indicating the highest potency, followed in order by ethanol extract (43.726mg/ml), acetone extract (48.110mg/ml) and water extract (53.654mg/ml). The mortality rate was correlated positively with the extract concentrations as the mortality of snail increased with the increase of extract concentration. Therefore, this study indicated that neem seed crude extracts possessed molluscicidal effect for controlling the golden apple snail.

 

Keywords: azadirachtin, golden apple snail, LC₅₀, molluscicide, neem extract

 

Abstrak

Kesan negatif racun perosak sintetik pada alam sekitar dan kesihatan manusia sangat membimbangkan menyebabkan kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengkaji keberkesanan azadirachtin dalam ekstrak mentah biji semambu untuk kawalan siput gondang emas. Azadirachtin diekstrak secara teknik rendaman dalam empat pelarut yang berbeza dan jumlah azadirachtin dalam ekstrak dibandingkan untuk memilih pelarut yang terbaik. Seterusnya, ujian ketoksikkan dijalankan ke atas siput gondang emas dewasa untuk membandingkan kebolehan azadirachtin dalam mengawal siput ini. Perbandingan hasil ekstrak bagi setiap pelarut menunjukkan bahawa kepolaran  pelarut yang diuji tidak mempengaruhi dalam meningkatkan hasil azadirachtin. Keputusan bagi kadar kematian siput gondang emas yang diuji dengan pelbagai kepekatan berbeza dan ekstrak pelarut menunjukkan bahawa ekstrak mentah biji semambu secara nyata dapat membunuh siput gondang emas. Nilai LC₅₀ (21.008mg/ml) bagi ekstrak metanol adalah yang paling rendah, menunjukkan potensi tertinggi, diikuti oleh ekstrak etanol (43.726mg/ml), ekstrak aceton (48.110mg/ml) dan ekstrak air (53.654mg/ml). Kadar kematian berhubung kait secara positif dengan kadar kepekatan ekstrak dimana kematian siput meningkat dengan meningkatnya kadar kepekatan ekstrak. Oleh itu, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa ekstrak mentah biji semambu memiliki kesan positif dalam mengawal siput gondang emas.

 

Kata kunci: azadirachtin, siput gondang emas, LC₅₀, racun Siput, ekstrak semambu

 

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