Malaysian
Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 23 No 5 (2019): 818 - 827
DOI:
10.17576/mjas-2019-2305-07
DURIAN SHELL
HUSK EXTRACT ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF COPPER OXIDES NANOPARTICLES FOR THE
PHOTODEGRADATION OF PARACETAMOL
(Ekstrak
Sekam Kulit Durian Membantu Sintesis Nanozarah Tembaga Oksida Untuk Fotodegradasi
Paracetamol)
Ahmad Masudi1, Nurfatehah Wahyuny Che Jusoh1,2*,
Zunika Bakri1, Aishah Abdul Jalil2,3, Roshafima Rasit Ali 1,2, Nur Farhana Jaafar4
1Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology
(MJIIT),
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2Center of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy
3School
of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty
of Engineering
Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM
Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
4School of Chemical Sciences,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM
Penang, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: nurfatehah@utm.my
Received: 13 February 2019; Accepted: 20 September
2019
Abstract
A series of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles catalysts were prepared via electrochemical method. The addition of different concentrations of
Durian Shell Husk (DSH) extract in the electrolyte system
was evaluated for degradation of paracetamol under visible light irradiation.
The catalysts were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier
Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The characterization
data showed that the different
sizes of CuO were obtained when the amount of DSH extract added into the electrolyte system were
varied. The crystallite size of CuO prepared with DSH was
decreased from 40 nm to 29 nm, which showed the role of DSH extract as a capping agent. The particle sizes reduction
caused a significant increment towards paracetamol degradation. The initial degradation rate was increased from 2.67×10-2 to
7.28×10-2 mg/L.min. From this study, the optimum condition was
noticed for CuO that was prepared by using 0.06 mg/L of DSH extract at a paracetamol initial concentration of 10
mg/L (pH 9) by using 0.1 g/L catalyst. Finally, the result could contribute to the production of
copper oxide with ideal sizes using abundant agriculture waste extract for the
removal of paracetamol in wastewater.
Keywords: electrochemical,
copper oxide, durian shell husk,
paracetamol
Abstrak
Satu siri
pemangkin nanozarah tembaga oksida (CuO) telah disediakan melalui kaedah
elektrokimia. Penambahan pelbagai kepekatan ekstrak sekam kulit durian (DSH) dalam sistem elektrolit telah
dinilai untuk degradasi paracetamol di bawah sinar cahaya boleh lihat.
Pemangkin telah dicirikan menggunakan pembelauan sinar-X (XRD), spektroskopi
inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR) and mikroskopi imbasan elektron (SEM).
Data pencirian menunjukkan bahawa pelbagai saiz CuO diperoleh apabila jumlah
ekstrak DSH yang ditambah di dalam sistem elektrolit telah diubah-ubah. Saiz
kristal CuO yang disediakan menggunakan DSH menurun dari 40 nm ke 29 nm, yang
mana menunjukkan peranan ekstrak DSH sebagai ejen pelekatan. Pengurangan saiz
zarah ini menyebabkan kenaikan ketara terhadap degradasi paracetamol. Kadar
degradasi awal meningkat daripada 2.67×10-2 kepada 7.28×10-2 mg/L.min. Daripada
kajian ini, keadaan optimum telah
dikenalpasti untuk CuO
yang disediakan menggunakan 0.06 mg/L ekstrak DSH pada kepekatan awal paracetamol 10 mg/L (pH 9) dengan menggunakan 0.1 g/L pemangkin.
Akhirnya, hasil kajian ini dapat menyumbang kepada penghasilan tembaga oksida
dengan saiz yang ideal menggunakan ekstrak sisa buangan pertanian untuk
penyingkiran paracetamol dalam air sisa.
Kata kunci: elektrokimia, tembaga oksida, sekam kulit durian,
paracetamol
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