Thayyib dan Khabis dalam Penafsiran Al-Azhar Karya Buya Hamka
Thayyib and Khabis in the Al-Azhar Tafsir by Buya Hamka
Zulbadri, Rahmi & Mirna Putri

Buya Hamka was an influential contemporary Indonesian exegete whose contributions significantly impacted Islamic thought, especially in Indonesia. He was highly skilled in various fields of knowledge, including philosophy, literature, Sufism, theology, and sociology. In his Tafsir al-Azhar, he employed the Adabi Ijtimai approach, which aims to reveal the linguistic beauty and societal miracles of the Qur’an to address the challenges faced by Muslims at large. This study examines the frequent occurrence of the terms Thayyib (good) and Khabis (bad) in the Qur’an, highlighting the contemporary issue where many individuals behave in ways that contravene Qur’anic teachings and struggle to distinguish between good and bad. The research questions explored are: What are the meanings of Thayyib and Khabis according to Tafsir al-Azhar? How does Tafsir al-Azhar interpret these terms? What are the wisdoms behind the usage of these terms in the Qur’an according to Tafsir al-Azhar?The primary data source is Tafsir al-Azhar by Buya Hamka. The findings are as follows: The terms Thayyib and Khabis are mentioned together in the Qur’an eight times across seven surahs, referring to various contexts such as charity, human actions, wealth, land, and food (good and bad). According to Hamka’s interpretation in Tafsir al-Azhar, believers are inclined toward good deeds, while non-believers tend to commit wrongdoings. For example, giving should involve cherished items, not disliked ones. One must not take what is not rightfully theirs, such as spoils of war, orphaned property, or illicit gains through corruption or usury. Bad actions include harboring hatred, envy, and malice. Fertile land yields crops, while barren land does not. Good food includes livestock such as camels, goats, and sheep slaughtered in Allah’s name, whereas bad food includes impure items such as flowing blood, carrion, pork, and offerings to idols. The wisdom behind these terms includes emphasizing good over bad due to the abundance of goodness in nature, enabling humans to discern between good and bad, avoiding the unlawful seizure of property, and refraining from replacing high-quality orphaned property with inferior goods. Additionally, individuals are encouraged to cultivate their intellect and heart to remain pious and faithful to Allah, while avoiding corruption, usury, jealousy, envy, and grudges. Allah commands humanity to preserve the environment and show gratitude to Him