Research work under this theme focuses on integrating cell technology, biomaterials and cell signaling molecules to achieve tissue repair and regeneration of neuroskeletal tissues. The research team has thus far been devoted to developing living replacement grafts for bone and peripheral nerve, carrying out proof-of-concept studies in preclinical models. Besides, cell signalling molecules from synthetic and natural sources are being identified to enhance the processes involved in tissue regeneration including cell differentiation, stem cell homing, inflammation and pain modulation, vascularization, remodeling, etc. Clinical trials are underway for a number of tissue engineered grafts, i.e. for cartilage and bone repair. Hence, efforts are also placed in optimizing production, achieving GMP compliance and driving sustainable commercial goals.