The academic relationship between the Institute of Islam Hadhari (HADHARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and Centre for Islamic Area Studies (KIAS), Kyoto University (KU) has started in 2009. This relation was formalized by a mutually signed Letter of Intent (LOI) on 1st November 2010 at Kyoto University, Japan. Subsequently, both institutions – UKM and Kyoto University have agreed to jointly organize the International Symposium on Islam, Civilization and Science (ISICAS) in Malaysia and Japan alternately.

 

During the 40^th UKM Convocation in 2012, Prof. Dr. KOSUGI Yasushi (Former Director of Center for Islamic Area Studies, Kyoto University (KIAS) was awarded the Honorary Doctorate in Philosophy (in Islamic Civilization) on the recommendation of HADHARI, UKM. The recommendations are based on his wisdom and contributions in the field of Islamic Civilization. Prof. Dr. Kosugi was often invited to conferences and discourses at the international level, including the Islamic Foundation of Cambridge University and Durham University, United Kingdom.

 

A string of good relations, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between UKM and Kyoto University, Japan was signed on 8^th August 2017. Align with the aim of this MoU, the International Symposium on Islam, Civilization and Science (ISICAS) is one of the contents of the MoU program. The objectives of this symposium are to provide a forum for academics to exchange ideas and research findings in the discipline of civilization and science in Islam; strengthen collaborative research activities and advancement in the discipline of civilization and science in Islam, particularly on the current issues; provide a platform for postgraduate students to share their research findings at the international program, and strengthen academic collaboration between the organizers.

 

On 22^nd November 2018, HADHARI, UKM further strengthened its networking with Kyoto University with the establishment of the Hadhari Global Network (HGN) and the core members of the organization are HADHARI, UKM, Hadhari Center of Civilizational Studies, Kyoto University and Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies (IAIS). This networking aims to share the information specified in the field of Islamic Civilization; to collaborate in education, research, publication and community service; and to promote the principles of moderation, social wellbeing and peaceful co-existence.

 

In sustaining the relationship between HADHARI, UKM and Kyoto University, the 11^th International Symposium on Islam, Civilization and Science (ISICAS 2021) is to be held on 27^th & 28^th October 2021(Wednesday & Thursday) via online Zoom.

 

 

 Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh

 

 In the Name of Allah SWT, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful

 

Greatest thanks to Allah the Almighty for His Grace and Mercy, we are able to meet again at the 11th International Symposium on Islam, Civilization and Science (ISICAS 2021) through an online platform. This seminar is the eleventh time held in collaboration between Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and Kyoto University, Japan.

 

On behalf of our organizers, we wish a warm welcome to the presence of all local and foreign participants, from Japan, Indonesia and other neighbouring countries. To emulate previous seminars, the current seminar today gathers experts, scholars, researchers and students from Japan and Malaysia as well as other countries to discuss specific themes of the impact of pandemic on human civilizations regarding Islam, civilization, economic and current issues related to Islam.

 

We would like to thank all those participants who make time to come and participate in this seminar. This year, the seminar is jointly organized by the Institute of Islam Hadhari (UKM), Chair of Excellence Sheikh Abdullah Fahim, The Legacy Association of Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Kyoto University, Japan and Asia-Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan University, Japan.

 

The 2-day seminar features two keynote speakers by Dr. Muhammed Abdul Khalid (Managing Director, DM Analytics Sdn Bhd) and Prof. Dr. Yasushi KOSUGI, (Director, Asia- Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan University, Japan), and 38 seminar papers. We hope that the seminar will benefit all participants and would create a platform for future collaborative work.

 

I would also like to thank UKM Top Management who supported this seminar. On behalf of the seminar organizing committees, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all honourable guests and participants of ISICAS 2021.

 

 SELAMAT DATANG and wishing you a very fruitful seminar.

 

Wassalam.

Prof. Dr. Fariza Md Sham

Director

Institute of  Islam Hadhari, UKM

(Institute of Islamic Civilization)

DX (DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION) OF OUR RESEARCH UNDER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: TOWARDS THE ISLAMIC CIVILIZATIONAL RENEWAL, THE REFORMULATION OF THE UMMAH, AND RESURGENT ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE

 

Prof. Dr. Yasushi KOSUGI

 

Professor Emeritus, Kyoto University, and Director and Professor, Asia-Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan University

 

Email: kosugiy@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

Under the current difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we are struggling in at least two dimensions, namely, our real life in physical space and our global intellectual connectivity in cyberspace. Many of our assumptions for our daily life and our academic performance have been challenged under these difficulties, while we are unable to go abroad or even to meet our students and colleagues onsite and rely on online communication. One important solution is DX (Digital Transformation) for both our real life and our global connectivity so that our analogue or physical activities can be supplemented by digital tools to enable us to function properly. Our research is no exception, and we ought to reflect upon how we can reformulate our research activities and intellectual production through DX. If we want to turn this challenge into an opportunity in our innovative endeavours, What can we do? or What should we do? Since I am engaged with our colleagues in Civilizational Studies, Islamic Sciences, and Research on Islamic Jurisprudence, I would like to convey a few words on our prospective tasks. First of all, How can we utilize the latest Information and Communication Technology to accelerate Islamic civilizational renewal? Can we utilize this digital technology innovatively for setting up ethical guidelines based on the Islamic value system so that it will facilitate the benefits of civilizational renewal while helping to rid the world of the menaces of digitalized financial capitalism? Second, can these digital technologies promote the connectivity of the Ummah in such a way that the consensus making mechanism within the Ummah can develop towards the realization of the high intents of the Shariah? Third, digitalized globalization has created chaotic Islamic cyberspace where loud opinions, often unauthentic and sometimes purely fake, are circulated to create confusion among the uninformed Muslim public. Can resurgent Islamic jurisprudence, or its scholars and supporters, catch up with the DX so that it can provide the public with authentic and acceptable guidance in cyberspace

 

 

 

 

 

VIEWS AND CHALLENGES OF ONLINE LEARNING AND TEACHING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD AMONG LECTURERS

 

Siti Yusnida Mohd Yusof; Juhana Simarani & Zuriana Mohamed

 

Politeknik Port Dickson, Km 14, Jalan Pantai,71050 Si Rusa, Negeri Sembilan.

 

Email: sitiyusnida@gmail.com: tekadyana70@gmail.com & zurianamohamedppd@gmail.com

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

The implementation of the Movement Control Order during the Covid-19 Pandemic period caused the face to face learning and teaching process to shift to an online learning and teaching process. The purpose of this study is to obtain the views of lecturers on online learning and teaching and identify what are the challenges faced by them in implementing online learning and teaching during the pandemic period. This study is quantitative in nature using mean values. A total of 156 respondents comprised of Port Dickson Polytechnic lecturers. The study instrument consisted of a set of questionnaires formed using Google Form and distributed via WhatsApp to all departments. The findings of the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics to obtain the mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study found that the majority of lecturers gave a positive view on the implementation of online learning and teaching with an overall mean value of 3.84. One of the biggest challenges faced by lecturers while implementing online learning and teaching is the difficulty of establishing two-way communication with students, attitudes of students who are less interested in learning, the health of lecturers is affected, fear of fraud issues during the assessment process and lecturers find it difficult to monitor the learning process of students.

 

REFLECTION TOWARD STRATEGY AND EFFORT OF MUSLIM YOUTH STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS IN MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA IN FORMING A KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY-BASED ISLAMIC WORLDVIEW AFTER PANDEMIC COVID-19.

 

1 Mansurni Abadi, 2Murih Rahayu & 3Nuraini Nadhiroh 

 

1 Institute of Ethnic Studies (KITA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.

2 Lampung University, Lampung, Indonesia. 

3 Jogjakarta State university, Jogjakarta, Indonesia. 

 

Email: p103027@siswa.ukm.edu.my 

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

Forming a knowledge-based society is undoubtedly the key to the revival of a nation in all fields after the pandemic. However, knowledge base alone is not enough without spiritual insight, Islam As a holistic, will play a significant role as ikhtiyār (act) to reach ideal ḥuriyyah (condition), that complete with spiritual awareness (tauhid), realization (Marifat), and compassion (rahmah) beside rational thought amidst the progress of civilization. However, The effort to bring the Islamic worldview narrative in the formation of a knowledge-based society will be a joint effort of all elements of the Muslim community, especially from the intellectual community like the student. Activism movement that grows among them as an alternative space where they work, think, and act amidst neoliberal and capitalist world, Will determine a future of knowledge-based society with an Islamic worldview. This research will compare the roles, strategies, and impacts of the two Muslim student movements in Indonesia and Malaysia with qualitative methodology with focus group discussion and literature review. The primary purpose of the research is to analyze strengthening networks and awareness of bil-hikmah da’wah during pandemic among student youth organizations and their way to forming knowledge-based society based Islamic worldview after pandemic covid-19. The object for this research itself is Muhammadiyah Student Association and the Malaysian Islamic Student National Union.

 

ZOOM AHEAD (OR DOWN?) ALONG DIGITAL CAPITALISM: PHILOSOPHICAL ARGUMENTS OF DIGITALIZATION, THE HUMAN BODY, AND IMAGINATION

 

Dr. Nobuyuki MATSUI

Visiting Assistant Professor, Ritsumeikan University

 

Email: nm1988@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

How have social relations changed in terms of digitalization in the period of COVID-19? This presentation tries to approach this issue in terms of the philosophy of media, body and imagination. As we have recognized, while webinar services such as Zoom have increased their economic size through the promotion of remote works during the pandemic, the tourism, aviation, and oil industries have significantly lost their presence. This indicates that remote communication via digital devices and services will replace the world before COVID-19, the world imagined and experienced through others and places that concern psychological centred our passage in spaces. In this sense, during the current period under COVID-19, we are experiencing a transition from the globalization of the flow of people that was limited by human physical conditions to globalization as a digital compression of time and space and communication without our physical passage. People can now smoothly communicate between every corner of the world. A more decentralized form of society is becoming realized. However, it is not obvious that this technological progression and economic transition mark a drastic transition of the global system. While people can use digital technologies and devise a more decentralized society to live up to the “with/after COVID-19” situation, people can or should decide to gather despite COVID-19 in a certain moment to create our imaginations of “us”.  

 

REVIVAL AND NEW DEVELOPMENT OF TRADITIONAL MUTUAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS IN THE CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC WORLD: A CASE OF WAQF IN MALAYSIA

Kaori SAEKI

Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University

 

Email: saeki.kaori.42i@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

This presentation focuses on the revival and new development of a traditional mutual assistance system, Waqf, in Malaysia. Waqf is a traditional charitable endowment of Islam that has played a significant role in the Islamic world since the late eighth century, but it declined rapidly with the expansion of western domination in modern times. However, in the twenty-first century, the role of Waqf has been re-evaluated and not only the revival but the improvement of waqf practice is ongoing. One example has been the creation of an online waqf platform by embracing modern technology. Studies have been conducted to investigate the revival and development of Waqf in Malaysia. However, they focus on the revitalization and improvement itself. This study aims to reveal the features of the new mutual assistance system in the contemporary Islamic world, by focusing specifically on combining cash waqf and crowdfunding in Malaysia. The study hypothesis is, “a new borderless Islamic mutual assistance system is being formed through the development of fintech and cyberspace, with Malaysia as the global hub”. The method of this study is literature research and analysis of online waqf platforms and newspaper articles. The study tries to show that technical innovation has contributed to making a new borderless Islamic mutual assistance system, and Malaysia is one of its centres. However, the study leaves much scope for further research. For instance, there are many unsolved questions such as “Why has waqf been revived in the twenty-first century?”  Therefore, further research such as investigating the legal systems and policies in Malaysia should be done.

 

TRANSNATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF MUSLIM SCHOLARS IN ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

 

Jun YAMAGUCHI

Graduate student, Kyoto University, Japan

 

Email: yamaguchi.jun.55f@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

Islamic finance is a financial system that is developed based on the economic philosophy and ethics in Islam. The typical and famous rules that characterize Islamic finance are regarding the prohibition of interest and uncertainty. Today’s Islamic financial institutions take these rules into consideration and create financial products that can respond to the modern economy such as Mudaraba, Murabaha, Tawarruq, Sukuk, and Islamic derivatives. Islamic financial institutions include Islamic banks and Islamic windows (the Islamic financial sectors of the conventional banks), which are operated in consideration of these Islamic principles. Each bank employs a Shariah Board (Shariah Supervisory Board, Shariah Advisers). It is an institution where several Shariah scholars supervise and advise on Shariah compliance and social justice. These advisory boards are important and are a core part of all Islamic financial institutions. These Shariah scholars are not only in charge of one financial institution per person but often serve concurrently on the Shari’a boards of multiple financial institutions in multiple countries. A limited number of prominent and highly influential scholars are associated with many financial institutions. They have a strong authority, enough to be involved with auditing organizations such as AAOIFI. Their activities are diverse, and their backgrounds and opinions are also diverse. However, the oligarchical situation of these influential Shariah scholars’ seats on Shariah boards continues, as their number is still limited and remains largely unchanged. This study attempts to analyze the situation of Shariah board trends and the noble Shariah scholars of these Shariah Boards, taking into account the forms and financial products of Islamic financial institutions.

 

PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF MALAY OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE INVENTORY-CHILD VERSION (OCI-CV) IN MALAYSIAN PERSPECTIVES

 

Eusoff Fitri Sarnin1; Shalisah Sharip1; Idayu Badilla Idris2; Syahnaz Mohd Hashim3; Wan Salwina Wan Ismail1; Fairuz Nazri  Abd Rahman1; Norazlin Kamal Nor4 & Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy5

 

1 Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC).

2 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC).

3 Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC).

4 Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC).

5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC).

 

Email: shalisah@ppukm.ukm.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

 

The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: Child Version (OCI-CV) is a well-established self-report assessment for OCD symptoms in the West but not available in the Malaysian context. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of reliability and validity of OCI-CV in a non-clinical sample of Malaysian children and adolescents. Participants of school-age and adolescent students from Klang Valley School completed the 21 items Malay OCI-CV using google form. The original English version of OCI-CV was translated back and forwarded to the Malay language. Face validity was conducted first before distributing the questionnaire to the participants. A total of 102 school-age children and adolescents with a mean age of 15.96 years (male: 41.2%, female: 58.8%) participated in the study. The Malay OCI-CV showed high internal consistency with Cronbach Alpha values of 0.90 for the whole scale. Principal component analysis showed multifactorial components; 6 factors were labelled as “Doubting, Neutralizing, Washing, Obsessions, Hoarding, and Ordering”. The Malay OCI-CV has good psychometric properties and is suitable for use in the Malaysian context. However, further validation studies should be conducted among paediatric patients in a psychiatric setting to enhance the generalization of this finding. 

 

EXPLORING ISSUES ON ADHERENCE AMONG THALASSEMIA PATIENTS TO IRON CHELATION THERAPY DURING PANDEMIC

 

Chua Yee Min1, Adliah Mhd. Ali1*, Chong Wei Wen1 & Chua Xin Yun2

 

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur

2Pharmacy Department, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur

 

Email: adliah@ukm.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

The covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected the healthcare system, however, little is known on the impact towards adolescent thalassemia patients and their caregivers on the treatment. This is due to the changes of the clinic appointment for follow-up cases and some of the iron chelation therapy needs special administration at home. Therefore, this study aims to explore the perspectives of adolescent thalassemia patients and their caregivers towards iron chelation therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. This qualitative study was conducted using in-depth semi-structured interviews via telephone call with adolescent thalassemia patients and their caregivers who attended the pediatric thalassemia clinic in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz between March to May 2021. A total of eight participants in the caregiver group and nine participants in the patient group were interviewed. The themes identified related to adherence during the pandemic were patient factors, medication factors, healthcare factors, and caregiver factors. Some of the barriers identified were due to changes in the healthcare process during movement control order, changes in patients daily routine and accessibility of the injection needles. Some of the facilitators of adherence were related to healthcare providers’ support, accessibility and adequate medication supply during the pandemic, easier administration at home and heightened parenteral monitoring. Generally, participants had expressed their opinion that the adherence to iron chelation therapy treatment were mostly not affected during the covid-19 pandemic.  

 

THE RISK PERCEPTION OF SANTRI WHO STAY AT PONDOK PESANTREN TOWARDS COVID-19 TRANSMISSION

 

Dina Arifka, Hastinia Apriasari*, Lulu’ul Jannah, Vanda Azmi Sabrina, Zafira Amani & Lu’luatul Chizanah

Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada; Jl. Sosio Humaniora Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, +62274550435.

 

Email: dinaarifka@mail.ugm.ac.id, hastinia.a@mail.ugm.ac.id, luluuljannah99@mail.ugm.ac.id, vandaazmi00@mail.ugm.ac.id, zafiraamani@mail.ugm.ac.id, wminza@ugm.ac.id

_________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

Cases of the spread of COVID-19 in Pondok Pesantren occurred at Pesantren Krapyak. Nevertheless, there are still learning activities and people who live in the dormitory. This study aims to understand the behaviour response of santri mukim to the pandemic phenomena through risk perception towards COVID-19. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data was collected through primary and secondary data using interviews. This qualitative study case research resulted in five main themes that are context, affect, culture, pandemic fatigue, and protective behaviour.

 

CAROTENOID IN ULAM SPECIES AS ALTERNATIVE FOOD INTERVENTION TO COMBAT THE AFTERMATH OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

 

Qurratu Aini Mat Ali1, Farah Ayuni Mohd Hatta2*, Rashidi Othman3, Razanah Ramya4, Wan Syibrah Hanisah Wan Sulaiman5 & Nur Hanie Mohd Latiff6

 

1,2Institute of Islam Hadhari, The National University of Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

3 Department of Landscape Architecture, Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

4Institute of the Malay World and Civilization, The National University of Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

5,6 International Institute for Halal Research and Training, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

 

Emel: farahayuni@ukm.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic that threatens global health, socioeconomics, and the environment. During MCO 4.0, over 15,000 new COVID-19 infections were reported daily in Malaysia. The best treatment for this severe respiratory infectious disease is unknown, as are the long-term effects of acute COVID-19 (long COVID). Various dietary sources rich in bioactive ingredients such as carotenoids, flavonoids, steroids, and alkaloids are being researched as an alternative food intervention to combat the COVID-19 infection. Ulam, or Malay traditional vegetables, includes over 120 species, from groundcovers to large trees. However, there is little information available about the ulam in terms of its health and nutritional impact. In fact, ulam has many benefits: antioxidant-rich, antimicrobial, rich in vitamins, etcetera. Ulam’s health-promoting properties can be used in food or pharmaceutical applications to combat the COVID-19 pandemic’s aftermath. The pharmaceutical industry is essential in assuring the health of the community. There are various sources of ingredients being manipulated during the production of pharmaceutical products. Thus, the study on the carotenoid composition and bioactivities in ulam is vital to provide concrete evidence for ulam to be manipulated as Halal active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).          

 

PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF MALAY-VERSION SPECIFIC PHOBIA QUESTIONNAIRE AMONG PUBLIC UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

 

Nur Kamilah Amnani Ismail1, Shalisah Sharip1, Norfazilah Ahmad2 & Aishah Hani Azil3

1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur

2Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur

3 Department of Parasitology & Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur

Email: shalisah@ppukm.ukm.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

Specific phobia is a subcategory of anxiety disorders that have not been well studied due to limited culturally adapted tools to detect this problem. This study aimed to develop and validate a Malay-Version Specific Phobia (MVSP) questionnaire. The MVSP questionnaire was developed based on literature reviews and input from related experts for content validity. A preliminary version of the MVSP questionnaire consisted of 26 items. Three cycles of content validity, a pre-test (face validity) and a pilot test were conducted. A final version of the MVSP questionnaire was used among 267 students. The validity and reliability were assessed using exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s α for internal consistency, respectively. The final version of the 12-items MVSP questionnaire was assessed in the final study. Of the 267 students, the majority are female students (70.8 %) with a mean age of 23.28 (SD=4.98) years. Validity analysis from the final study indicated that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.77 and Cronbach’s α for total items was 0.84. The three extracted domains are animals, blood injection injury and situational. The newly developed MVSP questionnaire has good psychometric properties with three domains and is suitable to be used as a specific phobia screening tool in Malaysia. Future study is suggested to provide further construct validity. 

 

VIRTUAL REALITY (VR) AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION FOR MENTAL HEALTH DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC:  A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Muhammad Hizri Hatta, Suriati Mohamed Saini, Shalisah Sharip, Chong Siew Koon, 

Farah Deena Adul Samad & Hatta Sidi

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur

Emel: hizhatt@gmail.com

______________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

In December 2019, a substantial number of patients presented with pneumonia of an unknown aetiology detected in Wuhan city, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) has called this viral infection that spreads in the lung infection as COVID-19. COVID-19 has spread rapidly throughout the countries causing a high mortality rate. Severe negative psychological sequela, i.e., stress, anxiety, insomnia, and depressive symptoms were reported. This requires various help including psychological interventions which are pivotal for people with psychopathology. The role of telepsychiatry, teleconferencing, and the application of virtual reality (VR) has been recommended to reduce mental health problems. To review existing literature and to conclude whether there is a definitive beneficial of VR as a psychological intervention for people with mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search for published literature was performed across 5 electronic databases, i.e., Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, and ACM digital library from 2019 to July 2021. Search strategies were developed based on the following keywords with appropriate truncation and Boolean operators’ approach: (VR OR Virtual reality OR simulated-3D-environment) AND (COVID* or corona*) AND (mental* OR psychologic* OR well* OR health*) AND (intervention). The quality of included studies was employed using the McMaster Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies and was assessed by independent reviewers. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council’s (NHMRC) evidence hierarchy was employed to determine the level of evidence of the included studies. A meta-analysis will be employed if the data is adequate for a synthesis. If not, a narrative synthesis will be performed. A total of 379 studies from the 5 databases stated earlier was incorporated in Covidence. From there, only 350 studies were included as 29 studies were found to be duplicates. Subsequently, a total of 48 full-text studies were later assessed for eligibility as 299 studies were found to be irrelevant. Only 4 studies were finally included for data extraction as 44 studies were excluded for multiple reasons, i.e., wrong study design, wrong intervention, wrong setting, wrong patient population, etc. The included studies have moderate to good quality. The synthesis from the 4 studies (Kolbe 2021, Siani 2021, Waller 2021, and Yang 2021 et al studies) revealed that VR is highly recommended and useful for psychological intervention for people with mental health problems. There is a gap of knowledge to date as there are no studies conducted in Malaysia to accurately assess the overall psychological intervention using VR as an important, reliable, and doable method to address problems related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This review exhaustively examines data searched systematically from 5 electronic databases. As the studies are extracted from English-journal publications, studies that are not published in English might not be represented. This review definitively concludes that there is a role of VR as a psychological intervention for mental health problems and there is an urgent need for VR software development (technology innovation and assessment) to combat the negative psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

FEAR OF CONTAMINATION: A MALAYSIA PERSPECTIVE

 

Noor Sharina Baharim1, Shalisah Sharip1 & Nor Haty Hassan2

 

1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur

2 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur

Emel: noorsharina.baharim@gmail.com 

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

Fear is a common human being feeling triggered by an object, situation or person and natural disaster. A recent study investigated the fear of contamination commonly associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).  An individual that suffers from this fear has been urged to keep washing, cleaning, and avoiding so that not be contaminated. The study on areas in which people are most afraid of being contaminated shows lacking information. Thus, this study intended to analyse and investigate what domains that people are afraid of being contaminated. This is a cross-sectional study conducted by recruiting healthy people who live in Klang Valley, Bangi, respondents were asked to give scores and lists using google forms that they are afraid of being contaminated. A New Malay contamination survey created 23 items and this survey showed high internal consistency with Cronbach Alpha values of 0.90 for the whole scale. 175 respondents participated, with major recruiters are female (83%) and male (17%) from 19-51 years old (Mean age = 26 years old, SD = 7.13). 4 groups of contamination categories have been developed which result showed that 39.1% of Malaysians are afraid of biological contamination, followed by 25.3% respondents having fear of physical-related contaminations. The major finding of respondents rates highest when related to contamination using a toilet (Scenario such as being contaminated when using the dirty toilet and saw human waste inside container onto toilet bowl) and contaminated with any form of the virus. The survey has achieved its aim by providing information about fear being contaminated among Malaysian unique cultures. This can be used as a screening tool in detecting the OCD subtype of contamination and early treatment adherence to patients in OCD prevalence. 

 

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RELIGIOSITY AND SPIRITUAL LEVEL TOWARDS LEVEL OF STRESS, DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG DARUL QURAN TAHFIZ STUDENT

 

Ismarulyusda Ishak1*, Nor Aina Najiha Rusli1, Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin1, Nor Malia Abd Warifa, Farah Wahida Ibrahim1, Wan Nor Atikah Che Wan Mohd Rozali1, Dzalani Harun2, Mohd Zaharen Md. Zahir3 & Muhammad Toriq Yaacob4

 

1 Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur

2 Occupational Therapy Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur

3 Unit kaunseling Darul Quran, Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM), Jalan Hamzah, Ampang Pecah, 44000 Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor Darul Ehsan

4 Unit Penyelidikan  Darul Quran,  Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM), Jalan Hamzah, Ampang Pecah, 44000 Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor Darul Ehsan

 

Emel: ismarul@ukm.edu.my

______________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

The practise of memorizing the Quran is a practice that is highly encouraged in Islam. The Quran memorization practice is reported to positively impact a spiritual point of view on a person who memorizes it. It is often assumed that tahfiz students have a higher level of religiosity or piety than ordinary students because the learning system at tahfiz institutes is more focused on religious areas such as memorizing the Quran. This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the relationship between religiosity and spirituality on the psychosocial wellbeing of tahfiz students in Darul Quran JAKIM. A total of 125 Darul Quran Diploma students were selected using convenience sampling. The Muslim Religiosity-Personality Inventory (MRPI) questionnaire was used to measure the level of religiosity, Spirituality Scale (SS) was used to measure spiritual level and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) is used as a screening tool to measure students psychosocial wellbeing. From the data analyzed, There was a significant negative correlation between the level of religiosity and stress (r=−0.263, p <0.05), depression (r=−0.471, p <0.05) and anxiety (r=−0.259, p <0.05). A significant negative correlation was also seen between spiritual level and stress (r=−0.206, p <0.05), depression (r=−0.373, p <0.05) and anxiety (r=−0.231, p <0.05). The conclusion from these findings can be seen that religiosity and spirituality have a relationship with the psychosocial health of students where the higher the level of religiosity and spirituality, the lower the level of stress, depression and anxiety. Therefore, memorizing the Quran can be an effective alternative in dealing with stress and difficulties in one’s life.

 

RELIGION AS A SOURCE OF POWER: REFLECTIONS ON FOUR CRISES IN THE LIFE OF HAMKA

 

Akmal

History Department, Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia

 

Emel: malakmalakmal@gmail.com

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah (1908-1981), better known as Hamka, was a profound Indonesian ulama whose reputation was widely known throughout the Malay region. As the son of a great Minangkabau ulama, Haji Rasul (1879-1945), Hamka struggled with his early education. Having trouble with the educational methods applied in the school and surau, Hamka found it difficult to master various subjects, especially Arabic. During the Physical Revolution in Indonesia, Hamka had experienced years of long journeys in and out of the Sumatran jungle to provide spiritual support for the freedom fighters. During the Guided Democracy era, Hamka was imprisoned for two years on charges of treason and conspiring with Malaysia to assassinate President Soekarno without ever going through a trial. During the reign of President Soeharto, Hamka was pressured to revoke the fatwa of the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) regarding the prohibition for a Muslim to attend a Christmas celebration. The aim of this paper is to take lessons from the way Hamka faced the aforementioned crises. The research was conducted using historical methods consisting of heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography. Based on the findings, it is concluded that Hamka always uses religion as a source of power in facing every critical situation in his life.

 

TO BE OR NOT TO BE (VACCINATED)? RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN ISLAMIC ACEH, INDONESIA

 

Muhammad Riza Nurdin

 

Visiting Researcher, Ritsumeikan University, Japan.

 

Email: 21v00220@gst.ritsumei.ac.jp 

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

This study examines the contribution and contention of religious authority i.e., ulama or teungku, in Aceh province of Indonesia, in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. In January 2021, the Indonesian government started an inoculation program to reach herd immunity. However, a survey (The Ministry of Health et al., 2020) shows that the Aceh population has the lowest acceptance of the vaccine, compared to other regions in the country. Known as a unique place for implementing the Sharia law in Indonesia, Aceh is predominantly Muslim. Religious authorities have been playing a significant role in Acehnese society for centuries.  This paper will discuss the vaccine hesitancy among the Ulama as well as their contribution in helping the local government to speed up the vaccine rollout. These two contradictory measures show that religious authority offers two sides of the same coin, being either productive or counter-productive at the same time. 

 

INTRODUCTION OF VACCINES PASSPORT: A REVIVAL OF MEDICAL TOURISM?

 

Noor Shuhadawati Binti Mohamad Amin1, Noriah Ramli1, Majdah Zawawi

 

1 Lecturer, Civil Law Department, Ahmad Ibrahim Kuliyyah of Laws International Islamic University Malaysia

2 Lecturer, Islamic Law Department, Ahmad Ibrahim Kuliyyah of Laws International Islamic University Malaysia

 

Email: shuhadaamin@iium.edu.my, noriahr@iium.edu.my, z.majdah@iium.edu.my

______________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

The COVID-19 pandemic is the most significant threat to humanity since World War II. The global health crisis has changed the lives of all 7.8 billion people on earth and it is expected to have a long-term effect on society, economics and politics. When the vaccine was found almost a year later, countries around the world rushed to access the vaccine supplies in a bid to curb the spread of the deadly virus including Malaysia. The National Immunisation Programme introduced at the beginning of 2021 in Malaysia was conducted in phases targeting the adult population. The race towards achieving herd immunity in Malaysia brings hope to the tourism industry especially medical tourism. Malaysia ranked the top destination for medical tourism and globally recognised as the healthcare marvel that was adversely affected by the pandemic.  The vaccination programme somehow gives confidence for the revival of medical tourism in Malaysia. This paper explores the impact of the National Immunisation Programme in Malaysia to help reduce the Covid-19 cases. Further, this paper examines the introduction of the digital certificate as proof for vaccinations known as ‘vaccine passport’ and its impact on the medical tourism industry. Acknowledging the importance of this issue, this paper aims to analyse the possibility of reviving the medical tourism industry In Malaysia when the country is ready to open its borders to everyone depending on the success of the country’s immunisation programme and the validity of the tourist’s vaccine passport. 

 

THE ROLES OF KYAI TOWARDS PUBLIC AWARENESS REGARDING VACCINATION OF COVID-19 IN MADURA

 

Naura Safira Salsabila Zain1, Naila Ummil Farah Zain2, Lulu’ul Watef3, Rhivaldy Faahim Kamalulloh4 & Nurul Adhha5

1International Islamic University Malaysia

 2Ibrahimy University

 3Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology

4University of Islam Malang 

5Sumatera Institute of Technology

 

e-mail: naurasafirasz3@gmail.com, munimfarah@gmail.com, lulukwatef76@gmail.com, rhivaldy.23@gmail.com, adhhanurul@gmail.com 

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

The spread of the COVID-19 outbreak in Madura has increased since early June 2021. The rapid increase of covid-19 cases was in line with the death toll of covid-19 during the period of June-July. This significant increase was brought to the attention of the government and Islamic leaders (kyai) in Madura. The government decided to conduct the massive test of covid-19 for the road users and started to widely distribute the vaccine of covid-19 to prevent the transmission of covid-19. The lack of education of the Madurese community regarding this pandemic outbreak made them afraid and ignorant of vaccination. As the population whose majority is Muslim and has a social culture that is very closely related to religious elements, the Madurese community considers the position of the kyai to be superior even to the charismatic government. Thus, this study aims to analyse the roles of kyai towards public awareness regarding the covid-19 vaccination in Madura. This study uses a qualitative study method with data collection through the literature review and interview approaches. This study uses the theoretical framework of the trait theory of leadership by reviewing the role of kyai on the awareness of the Madurese community through their fostered Islamic boarding school (pesantren) and their influence with the direct da’wah as well as social media.

 

RESEARCH ON THE IMPORTANCE OF TASAWWUF PRACTICE AMONG THE COMMUNITY DURING THE MOVEMENT CONTROL ORDER (MCO) IN KOTA KINABALU

Ahmad Tarmizi Abdul Rahman1; Suhailah Abdul Muin2; Nor-Ina Kanyo3 & Norcikeyonn Samuni4

 

1,2 Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Islamic Studies, University Malaysia Sabah.

3Senior Lecturer, Borneo Institute for indigenous Studies (BorIIS), University Malaysia Sabah.

4 PhD Student, Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, University Malaysia Sabah.

 

Email: atarmizi@ums.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

Tasawwuf or Sufism is the pinnacle of knowledge, where Sufism is the inner purifier of harmful impurities, a way for people who want Ma’rifat to God, and a way to know whether worship is accepted or not. For KH. Ahmad Bakeri, the law of learning Sufism is fardhu ain or obligatory for every Muslim who is mukallaf because learning and practising Sufism will make the human heart clean, know the true self, always think well of God and creatures, and will have praiseworthy morals. This paper tries to look at the importance of the practice of tasawuf in the community during the period of the Movement Control Order (MCO) is implemented. Among the indicators that want to be examined are such as religious practices such as obligatory prayers and Friday prayers in the mosque, holding religious activities such as dhikr, berzanji, managing death, and others. The study was conducted on 50 respondents around the city of Kinabalu and the data were analyzed and presented in the form of frequency and percentage. The results of the study found that the ten (10) indicators of the practice of tasawuf examined showed that the community still attaches importance to the concept of performing activities in the congregation such as obligatory prayers in the mosque. However, following the current situation of Covid-19 infection which is showing an increasing rate, respondents agreed with the government’s restrictions and prohibitions on any implementation of public events that are feared to be the cause of the outbreak.

 

INTEGRITY DISHONESTY AND COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Fazilah Idris1,2, Fariza Md Sham2, Ummu Soleha Jamaludin2, & Natasha Nasir2 

 

1Pusat Pengajian Citra Universiti, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor.

2Institut Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor.

 

Emel: fazilah@ukm.edu.my, farisham@ukm.edu.my, usolehajamaludin@gmail.com &                                        tashanasir_edu@yahoo.com

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

 

Integrity begins within oneself and is reflected in one’s attitude and behaviour. It serves an essential role in the development of organizations and regions within the country as well as in protecting the general well-being of the society. Contrary to expectations, despite the Covid-19 pandemic being in full swing, employee dishonesty continues to rise. Therefore, this paper aims to highlight cases of dishonesty during pandemic Covid 19 and the reasons why it occurred. The study employs a qualitative method to collect data and information by utilizing a semi-structured interview protocol. The respondents included five (5) Chief Senior Assistants and Senior Officers from the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC) Community Education Division in Putrajaya. Atlas.ti software was used to analyse the information and data. The results of the study revealed that the employees committed four (4) main offences as stipulated in the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Act 2009 (MACC Act 2009) (Act 694): i) Soliciting/Receiving Gratification (Bribe), ii) Offering/Giving Gratification (Bribe), iii) Intending to Deceive (False Claim), and iv) Using Office or Position for Gratification (Bribe) (Abuse of Power/Position). Moreover, it was found that there are four (4) factors that will influence dishonest behaviour, which are opportunity, culture, financial stability, and the social influences that affect employees to accept bribes. In conclusion, the steps towards ensuring that employees are aware of the consequences of corruption and dishonesty of integrity to provide understanding and exposure of the negative effects must be taken, so that they are aware that their actions violate the law.

 

FAMILY RESILIENCE IN FACING RADICALISM FOR YOUTH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN SOMPILAN TEGALTIRTO BERBAH SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

 

Yusdani1, Ilham Akbar2, Januaryansyah Arfaizar1 & Muh Rizki1

 

1 Islamic law Doctoral Program, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Islam Indonesia.

2 Magister of Islamic Education, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University.

 

Email: yusdani@uii.ac.id, akbarilham377@gmail.com, januariansyah@uii.ac.id, 19933006@students.uii.ac.id

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

The notion of radicalism is a discussion that will always be present in the life of the wider community. This study of radicalism will always be related to the development of contemporary ideologies. One element of society that is very easy and vulnerable to radicalism is teenagers or young people known as “youth“, who are in the range of 16-19 years old at the high school level in Indonesia. The presence of this understanding brings many impacts on social life. The social movement perspective is one of the many ways to look at the religious phenomena adopted by young people in Indonesia. In addition, community leaders are role models for young people in Indonesia. There are several factors that allow the emergence of radicalism among adolescents, including mental health, economic factors, socio-political conditions and religious commitment from religious understanding. One of the places where this understanding is developing is schools, especially during this pandemic where many activities are carried out online or various information that is easily accessible via the internet. To counteract this radicalism so that it does not take root and influence teenagers, the role of the family is needed to counteract this understanding. Family resilience or what is known as family resilience. The resilience of a family is built through three key components that form the basis for maintaining resilience, including the Family Belief System; Organizational Processes; Communication and Problem-Solving.

 

THE INFLUENCE OF CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR ON FOOD WASTE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC OUTBREAK DISRUPTIONS: A POTENTIAL THREAT ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

 

Zubaidah Mohd Nasir1 & Mashitoh Yaacob2

 

1Institute of Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor

2School of Liberal Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor

 

Emel: zuenasir@ukm.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

In countries with middle- and high-income populations, the amount of edible food being thrown away is alarming. The biggest causes of food waste are attributed to changes in consumer behaviour such as overbuying due to covid-19 disruptions, these problems become worse. There is an urgent global appeal for household waste management to be considered as a critical public service, which could help lessen the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on environmental sustainability and health outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the primary influential factors of food consumption behaviour on food waste during pandemic-driven disruptions in Malaysia. A review of recent literature was conducted to understand the key factor influencing consumer behaviour toward food wastage. Some authors found that, despite the recommendation of social distancing suggested by specialized health entities and government regulations, there was no significant change in household purchasing behaviour in the specific context of the covid-19 pandemic in terms of the habit of face-to-face shopping and the method of payment with cash. Meanwhile, consumers also prefer to keep rather than toss food away, which results in less waste during a crisis. However, some findings discovered that pandemic-related disturbances, including lockdowns, storage restrictions, and stockpiling, as well as a lack of consumer cooking abilities and practices, contributed to increased household food waste during covid-19 disruptions. It is possible to design efforts to assist consumers in changing their behaviour patterns based on the key aspect of food consumption habits during covid-19 pandemic disruptions. 

 

COVID-19 PANDEMIC: DOES INTERNET ADDICTION AFFECTS TIME MANAGEMENT, SLEEP QUALITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE?

 

Wan Nor Atikah Che Wan Mohd Rozali1,2, Ismarulyusda Ishak1,2, Nur Naja Aziz1, Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin1,3, Nor Malia Abd Warif1,2, Farah Wahida Ibrahim1,2, Dzalani Harun4,5, Mohd Zaharen Md. Zahir3 & Muhammad Toriq Yaacob4

 

1 Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2 Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

3  Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

4 Occupational Therapy Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

5 Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Emel: ismarul@ukm.edu.my

_________________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

 

Quality of life (QoL) is a broad concept that combines physical, functional, psychological health as well as social relationships. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has now to some extent affected many lives, especially students. The use of technology has played an important role in teaching, learning and communicating. Since online learning and teaching have been implemented, the use of technology, especially the internet, has increased. Its excessive use could negatively impact an individual’s time management, sleep quality, and overall quality of life. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the relationship between internet addiction, time management, sleep quality and QoL. This cross-sectional study was conducted online among 85 students of Tahfiz Darul Quran Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor. The instruments used were the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), time management pattern questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and WHOQOL-BREF form. Overall, most respondents have a mild level of internet addiction (n=55; 64.7%). Levels of internet addiction had a significantly negative correlation with time management patterns (r= -0.258, p< 0.05) and QoL (r= -0.376, p< 0.05). Meanwhile, the result showed a positive and insignificant correlation with sleep quality (r= 0.180, p= 0.099). For testing the predictors for QoL, the value of R2 is 0.339 indicating that 33.9% of the QoL variance can be determined through the variance of other independent variables which were internet addiction, time management and sleep quality where they were significantly (p<0.05) influencing the QoL. In conclusion, the level of Internet addiction among Tahfiz students of Darul Quran was at a mild level and its excessive use will affect time management and QoL.

 

THE BEHAVIOR OF STATES AND SOCIETIES IN FACING EPIDEMICS MODELS OF HISTORY BETWEEN PAST AND PRESENT TIME

 

Yousef Abdulhameed Bennaji 

The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET)

Emel: ya.bennaji@paaet.edu.kw

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT

Since the dawn of history, epidemics have been thrusting their claws into the whole world body. Many diseases and epidemics have passed and killed human lives, in addition to inflicting many other people throughout human history. Of course, Muslims have greatly suffered from that much scourge, and their history registered the epidemics’ events, facts and effects throughout different eras in different states and regions. This search will be limited to mentioning some examples of them such as the plague of Shirous in the year (6 AH / 628 AD), the plague of Emmaus (18 AH / 639 CE), the plague of the girls or the “nobles” (87 AH / 705 CE), and the general plague in the year (749 AH / 1348 CE). Those epidemics had devastating effects in all political, economic, social, religious, and scientific aspects. My methodology in this study was based on the inductive analytical approach through collecting, analyzing, and linking the information with the present time, then drawing the conclusions. As for the objectives of the study, it is to identify the concept of epidemics by mentioning some models of them during the Islamic eras and the present era as well, along with identifying how to confront epidemics and the behaviours of states and societies in facing them. Some conclusions have been drawn from them; amongst them, epidemics have great dangers that affect nations and peoples and destroy them, threaten the security of states and signal their demise and decline. Most Islamic countries have been exposed to many epidemics that have killed many lives; on the other hand, led to the increase in the wealth of the upper classes that include the high-ranking officials of the state, senior princes and businessmen due to the monopoly of goods and supplies. The measures of the states in confronting epidemics differed from one state to another, and from one era to another, depending on the abilities of the states and their desire to relieve or not to relieve their people; however, the social behaviour in times of facing the epidemics differ, for example, the rate of the theft, adultery, and murder crimes may decrease, and people supplicate to their God(s) to lift the affliction, cooperate among themselves to serve the sick, feed the poor, and alleviate the suffering of some social groups.

 

THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL REGULATION AND SELF-MOTIVATION ON HAPPINESS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN COUNSELING SESSIONS IN MALAYSIA.

 

Nurshahira Ibrahim, Norhapizah Mohd Burhan, Sakinatul Raadiyah Abdullah , Maziah Mahmud & Asjad Mohamed

 

Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Pahang, Malaysia

 

Emel: izahuiaum@uitm.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

Since Malaysia implemented the Movement Control Order (PKP), emotional problems have been identified as a significant issue for people’s mental health at this time. Depression and anxiety have contributed to a 2.4 per cent increase in psychiatric problems in Malaysia. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between emotional intelligence (emotional regulation and self-motivation), happiness, and psychological well-being among counselling clients in one of the counselling agencies in Malaysia. A total of 83 counselling clients answered the questionnaire. Structural Equation Modeling (PPS) in SmartPLS was used to psychometrically evaluate the data content of the questionnaire form and test the research hypotheses. The results of PPS analysis yielded several significant findings: First, there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence (emotional regulation), happiness, and psychological well-being. Second, there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence (self-motivation), happiness, and psychological well-being. This study confirmed that practitioners’ emotional regulation and self-motivation are essential variables to build joy and psychological well-being. Furthermore, the findings of this study can be used as essential recommendations to help practitioners understand the diversity of perspectives on the construction of emotional intelligence and serve as a guideline in counselling sessions to help achieve and maintain their emotional well-being in daily life.

 

THE IDEAS OF ISLAMIC THINKING TOWARDS ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION RAHMATAN LIL ÂLAMIN TO FAMILIZE AND REALIZE COMMUNITY WELFARE

 

Januariansyah Arfaizar 1, Navirta Ayu 2 & Yusadani 1

 

1 Islamic law Doctoral Program, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Islam Indonesia

2 Islamic law Doctoral Program, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Islam Indonesia – Lecture at STAI Yogyakarta

 

Email: januariansyah@uii.ac.id, navirta.ayu@uii.ac.id, yusdani@uii.ac.id

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

Islam Rahmatan Lil’alamin that we have heard in the past dozen years is a form of reaction to the emergence of Islamophobia in the western world as a result of the incident in Twin Tower World Trade Center [WTC], September 11, 2001, and also to balance the concept of Clash of civilizations which depicted that Islamic civilization and western civilization would collide. We also regret that violent incidents have occurred in Bali, at the JW Mariott hotel and in other places. The concept of Rahmatan Lil’alamin is also an integral part of efforts to involve religion in the process of realizing justice and world peace. Building a positive political perception of Islam will not be possible if we do not display the Islamic vision of Rahmatan Lil’alamin. Mercy is a divine gift that includes Rahman and Rahim. If Islam is interpreted and understood correctly and applied correctly, then we will be able to present both of them in our daily lives.

 

CURBING CHILD MARRIAGE IN MALAYSIA FOR THE  BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILD

 

Muhammad Al-Ghazalli Abdol Malek1, Mohd Al Adib Samuri1,2 & Noor Aziah Mohd Awal3,4

 

1 Faculty of Islamic Stidies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor.

2 Institute of Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor.

3 Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor.

4 Commissioner at the Human Rights Commission of Malaysia (SUHAKAM), 11th, Menara TH Perdana, Jln Sultan Ismail, 50250 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur

 

Emel: p107399@siswa.ukm.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

Child marriage in the modern world causes adverse effects on children’s lives because it fails to prioritize children’s rights, primarily for girls. Islam does not prohibit the marriage of children, but their rights must be given priority since they are assets to the nation. Children tend to suffer adverse and harmful effects from marriages, and it may even be harmful to their reproductive health. On top of that, they may also be neglected, abused, and divorced at a young age. The practice of child marriage is still legal regardless of race, religion, or culture in Malaysia. Data were collected using a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews with relevant agencies. Based on the findings, it is necessary to change the perception that the practice of child marriage, prevalent in the past, is no longer appropriate in the present social context. To prevent child marriage in Malaysia, the article provides policymakers and stakeholders with suggestions for creating community awareness and advocating for legal reforms.

 

IDENTIFYING THE ELEMENTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS TOWARDS FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

 

Umi Hamidaton Mohd Soffian Lee

Faculty of Economics and Muamalat, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan.

 

Email: umihamidaton@usim.edu.my

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

The field of behavioural economics has seen an increase in the number of studies in recent years, which have found that people’s financial decisions are influenced not only by socio-economic factors but also by psychological factors. Individuals as a consumer may be influenced by psychological factors to behave in a way that is at odds with traditional notions of economic rationality. Across countries, both developed and developing, individuals share a common aspiration towards buying decision behaviour and it is said to be largely influenced by economic factors. Consumers have been put under financial stress due to the current financial situation which has been particularly worrying. Consumers are more likely to alter their current spending habits to keep their financial situation as secure as possible and as a result, psychological factors are important elements of financial vulnerability when making a purchase decision, consumers frequently think about and evaluate their financial situation as well.  Besides, there are a variety of internal and external factors that influence an individual’s financial decisions which concern psychological factors. However, there are still insufficient studies that systematically review the existing literature related to psychological factors. Hence, the present article conducted a review on psychological factors as elements of financial vulnerability practice by the consumer. This study selected articles from three leading databases, Scopus, ScienceDirect and ProQuest. 

 

CONCEPTS AND STRATEGIES FOR PROPHETIC LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT AT BOARDING ON ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS, UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA

 

Zikry Septoyadi; Vita Lastriana candrawati & Muhammadsafid Awae

 

Yogyakarta, Indonesia

 

Email: zikryseptoyadi@gmail.com; vitalastriana@gmail.com &16422199 @students.uii.ac.id

_________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

The Islamic Boarding School of the Islamic University of Indonesia is a modern Islamic education institution whose mission is to produce graduates who will become ulama/intellectuals in the Archipelago especially in their respective provinces and to educate them to become leaders of the nation. Based on this mission, leadership development is an integral part of the learning process and activities of this boarding. This study aims to examine the concept and development strategies of the prophetic leadership in this boarding. The research method used by the researcher in qualitative research with a field research perspective. The researcher conducted interviews with key informants and direct observation on the learning process and leadership development in PP UII. The key informants in this study include the Head/Manager of the Boarding, some teachers (ustadz) and students (santri). The results showed that: 1) conceptually, the prophetic leadership at the Islamic Boarding School of the Islamic University of Indonesia (PP UII) is based on Surah Ali Imron verse 110 which mentions three characteristics of the quality of Muslims as the best, namely ordering the ma’ruf evil and believe in Allah; 2) PP UII develops the spirit of prophetic leadership of the students through lectures and various activities of the boarding school; 3) Supporting factors for the development of prophetic leadership include a strict selection system for the admission of students and the qualifications of teachers (ustadz) who on average have doctoral and professor degrees. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors included some students experiencing disorientation due to various influences from outside the lodge.

 

 

MOBILITY IN THE ISLAMIC ECONOMY: ITS POTENTIAL FOR APPLICATION IN POST-CAPITALIST SOCIETY

 

Shinsuke NAGAOKA

 Kyoto University, Japan

 

Email: nagaoka@asafas.kyoto-u.ac.jp

___________________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

In the Islamic world, where modern capitalism penetrated with the dawn of modernity, intellectual efforts to revive a unique economic system began around the middle of the 20th century. This system, known as the Islamic economy, aims at fair economic activities based on Islamic doctrine and overcomes various problems caused by modern capitalism, such as economic disparity, poverty, and underdevelopment. In the 1970s, a part of its intellectual activities took shape in the form of Islamic finance, which has been widely accepted throughout the Islamic world as a faith-based financial practice. Since then, Islamic economic practices have emerged in various industries other than finance, such as food, daily necessities, fashion, tourism, and welfare. In addition, there are active attempts to revive various Islamic economic practices from the pre-modern era (historical Islamic economic practices), and modern Islamic economic practices, which started with finance, are finally emerging as a comprehensive and unique economic system in the global society of the 21st century. These practices of the modern Islamic economy are not necessarily created from scratch only in the modern Islamic world. A unique economic system is devised by reconstructing various historical Islamic economic practices that supported the prosperity of the pre-modern Islamic world into a form that is applicable to the present day. However, if we pay attention to the horizontal connectivity unique to Islamic civilization, we realize that the modern Islamic economy is not based on a single linear path, “Islamic doctrine > historical Islamic economic practice > modern Islamic economy,” but has multiple historical and contemporaneous origins, and therefore has a high degree of versatility. The Islamic economy has been practised under the dynamism of taking full advantage of the horizontal connectivity unique to Islamic civilization, swallowing diverse values and practices like a crucible, and generously providing the economic knowledge and institutions nurtured there to others. This dynamic is referred to as the “mobility” of the Islamic economy in this study.

 

SOCIAL ECONOMICS ANALYSIS ON ISLAMIC DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN MALAYSIA: VALUE-BASED OR MARKET-DRIVEN?

 

Ai Kawamura

Assistant Professor, Faculty of Business Science, University of Tsukuba, Japan

 

Emel: bduzuki4@gmail.com

______________________________________________________________________

 

ABSTRACT

 

This presentation analyzes the Islamic finance dispute resolution system in Malaysia from the perspective of social economics. It will focus on how the value of the society is created, or how the value of the society is creating its economic and social structure from the law-making process, political decisions, and from the dispute resolution apparatus for Islamic finance. Such discussion on the value-based or market-driven economic system comes from social economics. The social-economic analysis enables us to find out if the institution, theory, ideology, or system is “embedded” into the society or “disembedded”. The discussion on the “embedded” economic structure originates from Karl Polayi’s discussion on economic systems. When an economic system is “embedded” into the social structure of the society, the economic system will create a healthy market. On the other hand, if the economic system is “disembedded” from the social structure, such inconsistency among social values and economic values will cause the economic system to create an unhealthy market. This social-economic analysis had emerged in Islamic financial studies recently and created a new field of research known as the Islamic Moral Economy. Islamic Moral Economy (IME) criticizes the reality of how the Islamic financial market has developed due to its social-economic environment. Therefore, this presentation will cover the emergence of the IME and reveal the ideological discussion on how the Islamic financial market should theoretically aim to achieve its goal. By covering the social economics discussion on Islamic finance and the emergence of IME, this presentation will conclude if Islamic finance dispute resolution in Malaysia could be categorized as value-oriented or market-driven.

 

 

POST-ISLAMISM IN INDONESIAN CONTEMPORARY CINEMA: A STUDY ON DUA GARIS BIRU BY GINA S. NOER

 

Dwi Firli Ashari; Atikah Ruslianti; Muhammad Ilham Nurul Karim; 

Shafira Deiktya Emte & Widya Citra Nastiti

 

Literature Department, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

 

Email: dwi.firli@gmail.com; atikah_aslih@yahoo.com; ilhamkarim.muhammad@gmail.com; xvrnda@gmail.com; widyacitran@gmail.com 

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ABSTRACT

 

In the 21st century, religion is still an important aspect of Indonesian society. Islam as the majority religion plays an important role in the everyday life of Indonesians. In the early 2000s, after the New Order era, Islamism began to develop more visibly and persuasively. Many religious and mass organizations have tried to implement it through various movements and forms to help shape the Indonesian society to be more Islamist in their belief, attitude, and behaviour. However, along with globalization, as well as the continuous growth of democracy and moderate Islam, Islamism eventually failed to dominate the society and did not flourish as successfully as initially envisioned by its proponents. Post-Islamism emerged as an alternative to Islamism. It is a fusion of religion and culture, rather than politics. Therefore, post-Islamism emphasizes religiosity, diversity, and the ethical responsibility of Muslims. The film is an effective medium that is used to promote the cultural project of post-Islamism to the Indonesian people. In this study, we discuss how post-Islamist views and values are represented through a film, Dua Garis Biru, by Gina S. Noer. This study analyzes the changing social life due to the advent of post-Islamism. In addition, the role of globalization and humanism in the implementation of post-Islamic values in people’s daily life is also discussed. 

 

DIVERGENCE AND COMMONALITY OF LEBANESE AND SYRIAN MIGRANTS: A CASE OF MIGRANTS LIVING IN JAPAN

 

Moe NAKANISHI

Kyoto University, Japan

 

Emel: nakanishi.moe.65z@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp

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ABSTRACT

 

This study highlights the similarities between Lebanese migrants and Syrian refugees in this time, and it aims to shed light on the proactive activities of Syrian refugees who are not bound by a stereotyped image of refugees. After the 19th century, those who migrated out of the historical region of Syria (referred to as the Syrian Arab Republic and the Republic of Lebanon in the present time), so-called Lebanese-Syrian migrants, have been able to leverage their business acumen to achieve great social and economic success. On the other hand, the Syrian civil war since 2011 has been called the “Worst humanitarian crisis of the 21st century” and Syrian refugees have tended to focus on refugees as objects to be “assisted” based on the humanitarian protection perspective. At present, 10 years after the outbreak of the civil war, Syrian refugees have become more diverse, and some of them may have achieved economic success like the Lebanese-Syrian migrants. Therefore, this study will position Syrian refugees as a new generation that is linked to the 150-year history of Lebanese-Syrian migrants who have been described in a positive light, not by using the strong analytical framework that distinguishes between “migrants” and “refugees” as previous researchers have done. It clarifies the dynamics of their global economic survival strategies by an analysis that mainly focuses on the case of the Capital Area of Japan.

 

SERAT MARDIPRACAYA: THE STUDY OF PHILOLOGY AND ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS

 

Noviana Dewi Shinta1 & Titik Pudjiastuti2

1 Sastra Daerah untuk Sastra Jawa, Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia

2 Sastra Daerah untuk Sastra Jawa, Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia

 

Emel: novianadewishinta15@gmail.com

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ABSTRACT

 

Humans are social beings who cannot live alone. Human life is always changing because it gets influenced from outside, such as the social environment. Everyone is born with good things from their parents. The hope is to achieve safety in the world and the hereafter. Thus, humans can find happiness and safety in life by learning what is good and right in the way of Allah. One of the Javanese texts that give teachings of Islam towards goodness is Serat Mardipracaya (abbreviated as SMP). This manuscript contains the teachings of Islam, such as behaving well, leaving prohibitions and carrying out Allah’s commands. The problem is that SMP texts are not well understood by contemporary Javanese people. Based on this, the question that arises is how to make SMP texts understandable to contemporary Javanese society? And what are the teachings of Islam in the text? The purpose of this study, that is (1) to display the text of SMP and to reveal the teachings of Islam. The method used in this research is philological research, while the content of the text is analyzed with an objective approach. The results of this study indicate that the Serat Mardipracaya script is a piwulang typescript that teaches humans to always behave in good things to obtain happiness and safety, both in this world and the hereafter.  

 

TOWARDS BUILDING NEW ISLAMIC WELFARE INSTITUTION STUDIES: AN INITIATIVE FROM JAPAN

 

Ammar Khashan

 Asia-Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan University, Japan

 

Emel: ammar@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp

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ABSTRACT

Since the first articulation of the Islamic welfare activities in the early Islamic period and later its legislation and implementation in the Medinan society, the Islamic welfare institution represented primarily by Zakāt and waqf played a vital role in relieving poverty and sustaining development in Islamic societies. This role was operated directly or monitored by the state itself on a practical level, and the legal foundation was laid down by Islamic scholars on a theoretical level. Although the essence of these Islamic welfare elements has never been changed since its establishment by the Qur’an and Ḥadīth, its detailed applications on an operational level have always been subjected to jurisprudents’ discourses due to the circumstances of time and place. However, the academic studies related to the Islamic welfare institution have predominantly focused on details of the last-mentioned Islamic scholars’ legal efforts and furthermore on every element of this Islamic welfare institution, while discussion of the issues involved is done separately due to the nature of these studies and the nature of the studied element itself. Moreover, with the rapid growth of technology and the actively pursued adaptation of this medium for the Islamic finance and Islamic welfare sectors, Fintech has been introduced into these fields and a new wave of revival has started to examine its potential application in Islamic welfare. This presentation highlights the recent waves in Islamic welfare studies by featuring the approach of a related research initiative from Japan addressing the subject of the Islamic welfare institution. This study will examine the theoretical aspects of this approach in particular concerning the previous and current approaches to Islamic welfare research. I will provide the contextual background to the related concepts by referring to examples from the traditional Islamic literature. 

 

TRACING AHMAD AZHAR BASYIRS INTELLECTUAL LEGACY REGARDING ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY AND THOUGHT

 

Yusdani1 & Januaryansyah Arfaizar2 

 

1 Lecturer of Doctoral Program of Islamic Law FIAI UII Yogyakarta

2 Student of Doctoral Program of Islamic Law FIAI UII Yogyakarta 

 

Email: yusdani@uii.ac.id & januariansyah@uii.ac.id 

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ABSTRACT

 

The following article discusses the Islamic thoughts of Ahmad Azhar Basyir, one of the scholars and at the same time an Indonesian Muslim scholar who has mastered Islamic sciences in various fields. This figure has bequeathed works in the form of writings in Islamic philosophy, Islamic law, Islamic Law methodology, Islamic politics and Islamic economics. However, studies on the thoughts of this figure in these various fields are still rarely carried out. In the midst of the strong current of Islamic thought reform and the enthusiasm of the Indonesian people towards Islam in Indonesia today, it is urgent to consider and study the thoughts of this figure. One of the characteristics of Islamic thought initiated by this figure is a philosophical and critical study in various fields of Islamic studies. In the view of this figure, philosophy is and is one of the important aspects and foundations in the development of Islamic thought. For the development of Islamic thought in various scientific fields, ijtihad is needed by integrating the textual and contextual sides at the same time. The development of Islamic thought in various fields aims to realize the welfare of the people.   

  

 

THE MULTI-LAYERED NATURE OF THE LEGAL SYSTEM IN THE ARAB RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: ‘HIMA’”

 

Natsuki CHUBACHI

Kyoto University, Japan

 

Emel: nchubachi2@gmail.com

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ABSTRACT

 

Hima is one of the traditional rangeland management systems in the Arab region and means a nature reserve area, where trees, water and grazing lands are protected from overuse on a temporary or permanent basis. Hima is said to have been invented in the Arabian peninsula in the pre-Islamic period and has flourished across the Middle East until the twentieth century. Traditionally, the leaders of the nomadic tribes and settled ones decided rules on the use of specific lands and resources based on tribal customs and Islamic Law, though this traditional aspect of Hima has been disappearing since the formation of nation-states in the twentieth century. Also, the changes in socio-economic structures, as well as the agricultural policies, shrank the necessity of Hima among the pastoral communities. However, with the emergence of the environmental crisis and the reappraisal of common resource management, Hima is gaining the attention of researchers, governments, and international institutions. Today, the governments of the Arab countries such as Jordan, Lebanon and Saudi Arabia are recommending the revival of traditional institutions, expecting that they can drag local communities into participation in the rangeland management. Until now, few researches have been conducted regarding contemporary conservation projects which are introducing or related to Hima. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the legal and institutional characteristics of Hima systems, especially in Jordan. Then, it will discuss why the Hima is encouraged in the context of preservation and conservation.

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Patron

Prof. Dato’ Ts. Dr. Mohd Ekhwan Hj. Toriman

Vice Chancellor, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

 

Advisors

Prof. Dr. Fariza Md Sham

Director, Institute of Islam Hadhari, UKM

 

Prof. Emeritus Dr. Yasushi KOSUGI

Director, Asia-Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan University, Japan

 

Senator Dato’ Jefridin Atan

Chairman, The Legacy Association of Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi

 

Chairpersons

 

Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Nazrul Anuar Nayan

Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, UKM

 

Prof. Dr. Shinsuke NAGAOKA

ASAFAS, Kyoto University, Japan

 

Deputy Chairperson

 

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd Al Adib Samuri

Deputy Director, Institute of Islam Hadhari, UKM

 

Dr. Khashan AMMAR

Asia-Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan University

 

Secretary

Mrs. Siti Asuha Said

 

Financial Officers

 Mrs. Siti Maheran Ismail @ Ibrahim

 

COMMITTEE

 

International Relation

Dr. Muhammad Hakimi Mohd Shafiai

Dr. Shifa Mohd Nor

 

Participants, Registration and Food & Beverages

Mrs. Fatin Hanani Badrul Zaman (Head of Committee)

Mrs. Faridah Abdullah

Ms. Nurul Syahada Din

 

Protocol, Reception and Souvenirs

Mrs. Noor Hayati Ahmad Rasol (Head of Committee)

Mrs. Zaidatul Akmal @ Sri Banun Dolmat

Mrs. Saidatul Akma Saad

 

Conference Paper

 Ts. Dr. Farah Ayuni Mohd Hatta (Head of Committee)

Dr. Muhammad Hilmi Jalil

Dr. Shamsul Azhar Yahya

 

Publishing and Printing

Mr. Wan Muhammad Hazim Wan Mustapa (Head of Committee)

Dr. Mohd Hafiz Safiai

 

Conference Session and Reports

Dr. Norshariani Abd Rahman (Head of Committee)

Ms. Zubaidah Mohd Nasir

Dr. Ahmad Yunus Bin Mohd Noor

Dr. Nasruddin Yunos

 

Logistics

Mr. Mohd Rusydi Baharom (Head of Committee)

Mr. Mohd Nor Adzhar Adnan