Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law
No eISSN: 0127-788X2017 2(1)
1 JUNE 2017
Agihan Zakat Secara Mikro Kredit: Analisis dari Perspektif Maslahah
Distribution of Alms Giving Through Micro Credit: An Analysis from Maslahah Perspective
Nurul Ilyana Muhd Adnan, ilyana_adnan@ukm.edu.my
Department of Sharia Law, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Zahri Hamat, zahri@usm.my
Pusat Pengajian Sains Kemasyarakatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Mohammad Zaini Yahaya, zainiyahya@ukm.edu.my
Department of Sharia Law, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Mat Noor Mat Zain, mnmz@ukm.edu.my
Department of Sharia Law, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Received: 2 November 2016 | Accepted: 16 May 2017 | Published: 1 June 2017
2017, Vol. 2(1), pp. 45-59. | PDF
Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis secara teoritikal pengagihan dana zakat kepada penerima zakat dalam bentuk mikro kredit. Agihan zakat secara mikro kredit bermaksud agihan diberikan kepada asnaf dalam bentuk pembiayaan modal. Agihan tersebut diberikan kepada asnaf yang ingin memulakan perniagaan atau mengembangkan perniagaan. Persoalannya, apakah zakat boleh diagihkan dalam bentuk mikro kredit? Sedangkan zakat adalah pindahan hak milik pembayar zakat kepada penerima zakat. Apatah lagi agihan dibuat secara al-qard al-hasan. Berdasarkan tulisan daripada kitab-kitab klasik, dapatan analisis mempamerkan bahawa asas yang boleh dipakai untuk mekanisme bantuan modal dalam bentuk mikro kredit ialah maslahah mursalah. Berdasarkan maqasid syariah, pengagihan dana zakat dalam bentuk mikro kredit adalah dibenarkan. Ini kerana dari perspektif maslahah, bentuk agihan sebegini merupakan bantuan bermatlamat jangka panjang dengan harapan penerima zakat akan bertukar menjadi pembayar zakat suatu hari nanti.
Kata kunci: Mikro kredit, dana zakat, maslahah
This article aims to analyse theoretically on the distribution of zakah fund to its receiver in the form of micro credit. The distribution of the zakah alms giving through micro credit means distribution was given to asnaf in the form of capital funding. The distribution is distributed to the asnaf who is interested in initiating or expending their business. The issue is that, is the zakah can be distributed in the form of micro credit? It is because the zakah is moving the rights of the zakah payer to the receiver. Furthermore, the distribution is made through qard al-hasan. Based on classical scholars, analysis of study shows that basic rule for applying mechanism of capital assistance in the form micro credit is through maslahah mursalah. Based on the maqasid Sharia, distribution of the zakah fund in the form of micro credit is permissible. This is due to the maslahah perspective, this form of distribution is aiming for a long-term assistance, with the hope that the zakah receiver will be transformed as the zakah payer, in future.
Keywords: Micro credit, zakah fund, maslahah, qard al-hasan, asnaf
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