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Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia

47 (1) 2013 131 – 138

Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model
Penentu Pelancongan Antarabangsa di Malaysia: Bukti daripada Model Graviti

Graduate School of Studies
University Putra Malaysia
43400 Serdang Selangor
MALAYSIA

shuhadakosnan@gmail.com

Department of Economics
Faculty of Economics and Management
University Putra Malaysia
43400 Serdang Selangor
MALAYSIA

nwi@econ.upm.edu.my

Department of Economics
Faculty of Economics and Management
University Putra Malaysia
43400 Serdang Selangor
MALAYSIA

shivee@putra.upm.edu.my

Abstract

The present study uses the Gravity type approach for panel data spanning from 1998 to 2009 to identify demand and supply factors in the Malaysian tourism industry. The findings reveal that the market size for both destination and source countries, country that share common border and common language with Malaysia are major factors that increases inbound international tourist and thus increase the tourist receiptin Malaysia. On the other hand, shorter distance and lower transportation costs also attract more tourists. The role of the exchange rate and the cost of living
are equally important, as the depreciation of the Ringgit Malaysia (RM) and the lower cost of living attract more tourists to Malaysia. Alongside demand factors, the present study also examines supply factors, such as room availability and various components of infrastructure. The number of hotel rooms; quality in road infrastructure; and air transport infrastructure appear to be an important factor among international tourists.

Keywords

demand factors; gravity model; Malaysia; Tourism
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Ahmad Kosnan, S. S., Ismail, N. W., & Kaliappan, S. (2013). Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 47(1), 131–138.

@article{kosnan2013Determinants,
  title={Determinants of International Tourism in Malaysia: Evidence from Gravity Model},
  author={Ahmad Kosnan, Siti Shuhada and Ismail, Normaz Wana and Kaliappan, Shivee},
  journal={Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia},
  volume={47},
  number={1},
  pages={131—138},
 

year={2013},
}

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