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Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia

53 (1) 2019 17 – 25

Factors Affecting Water Demand: Macro Evidence in Malaysia
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Permintaan Air: Bukti Makro di Malaysia Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Permintaan Air: Bukti Makro di Malaysia

School of Social and Economic Development
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
21030 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu
MALAYSIA

zura@umt.edu.my

School of Social and Economic Development
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
21030 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu
MALAYSIA

jaharudin@umt.edu.my

School of Social and Economic Development
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
21030 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu
MALAYSIA

lindarashid@umt.edu.my

School of Social and Economic Development
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
21030 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu
MALAYSIA

roseliza@umt.edu.my

School of Social and Economic Development
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
21030 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu MALAYSIA

mhaslina71@yahoo.com.my

Abstract

Water becomes a crucial issue in the 21st century because of rising population and increasing development. Water is needed for agriculture, energy production, recreation, and manufacturing. This study investigates the impact of economic indicators and climate change on water demand for 13 states in Malaysia. Using annual data from 2007 to 2015, the panel data approach is used to assess the impact of these determinants on water demand. The dependent variable is water resources, and independent variables comprise real income, total consumption per capita, agriculture sector, population density and climate change. The real income is a nonlinear equation and indicates a threshold in economic development because the welfare of residents and industry will decline after the optimum point due to the shortage of water resources. The results indicate that total consumption per capita, agriculture, and population density have a positive impact on water demand. The agriculture sector exerts high demand on water resources. The climate change is a correct sign that represents an increase in demand for water resources during dry periods and leading to water stress. This finding is useful for improving the prediction of climate change to managing the water resources sustainably, particularly in the agriculture sector.

Keywords

agriculture; climate change; population density; Water demand
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2019-5301-2
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Anang, , Padli, , Abdul Rashid, , Mat Alipiah, , & Musa, (2019). Factors Affecting Water Demand: Macro Evidence in Malaysia. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 53(1), 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2019-5301-2

@article{anang2019factors,
  title={Factors Affecting Water Demand: Macro Evidence in Malaysia},
  author={Anang, Zuraini and Padli, Jaharudin and Abdul Rashid, Noorhaslinda Kulub and Mat Alipiah, Roseliza and Musa, Haslina},
  journal={Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia},
  volume={53},
  number={1},
  pages={17—25},
 

year={2019},
}

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