Sains Malaysiana 48(8)(2019): 1707–1712

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4808-16

The Effect of Cassava Leaves Extract on Pharmacokinetics Profile of Rutin Plasma

(Kesan Ekstrak Daun Ubi Kayu pada Profil Farmakokinetik Rutin Plasma)

NUGRAHANINGSIH WH¹*, FATIMATUZ ZAHROH², LISDIANA¹, ARI YUNIASTUTI¹ & ELY RUDYATMI¹

¹Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, 50229 Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

²Student of Graduate Program, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, 50229 Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Received: 18 September 2018/Accepted: 24 May 2019

ABSTRACT

The leaves of cassava are used as traditional medicine, to treat ringworm, tumor, abscess, conjunctivitis, sores, headaches, rheumatism and fever diseases in several countries. Phytochemical investigations showed that flavonoids and Rutin constituents of the cassava leaves, berths the need for data as regards safety, effectiveness, toxicity and pharmacokinetics for its usage as herbal medicine. The purpose of this research was to observe pharmacokinetic parameters of Rutin in rat plasma, after oral administration of cassava leaves extract. Pharmacokinetics indicators for absorption was (Cmax, tmax, and AUC0-24h), while elimination was (Ke and t1/2). 14 healthy male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups (each group with 2 rats), after which a single dose (600 mg) of cassava leaves extract was given orally. Thereafter, blood samples of the wistar rats were collected and separated at different time intervals (0; 0.5; 1; 2; 4; 6; 12; and 24 h). Using HPLC-UV-VIS method, the resulting plasma was analyzed for Rutin concentration. The analysis showed Rutin concentration at 0 mg/mL (0 h), 0.151 mg/mL (0.5 h), 0.176 mg/mL (1 h), 0.18 mg/mL (2 h), 0.184 mg/mL (4 h), 0.163 mg/mL (6 h), 0.15 mg/mL (12 h) and 0.1225 mg/mL (24 h). The main pharmacokinetic parameters were; Cmax 0.184 mg/mL recorded 4 h (tmax) after oral administration; AUC0-24 was 3.583 mg h/mL and t1/2 was 94.54 h. The study concluded that Rutin of cassava leaves extract, reached maximum concentration within 4 h after oral administration and was inside in the plasma for more than 24 h. Hence, it is recommended to consume cassava leaves extract as herbal medicine, only once a day.

Keywords: Absorption; cassava leaves extract; flavonoid; pharmacokinetics

ABSTRAK

Daun ubi kayu digunakan sebagai ubat secara tradisi untuk merawat kurap, tumor, abses, konjunktivitis, luka, sakit kepala, penyakit sendi dan demam di beberapa negara. Kajian fitokimia mendedahkan flavonoid dan rutin konstituen daun ubi kayu memberikan keperluan untuk data mengenai keselamatan, keberkesanan, ketoksikan dan farmakokinetik untuk penggunaannya sebagai ubat herba. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk melihat parameter farmakokinetik Rutin dalam plasma tikus, selepas pemberian oral ekstrak daun ubi kayu. Petunjuk farmakokinetik untuk penyerapan adalah (Cmax, tmax, dan AUC0-24h), manakala penghapusan adalah (Ke dan t1/2). Sejumlah 14 tikus Wistar jantan yang sihat dibahagikan kepada 7 kumpulan (setiap kumpulan dengan 2 tikus), dan seterusnya satu dos (600 mg) ekstrak daun ubi kayu diberikan secara oral. Sampel darah tikus wistar dikumpulkan dan dipisahkan pada jarak masa berlainan (0; 0.5; 1; 2; 4; 6; 12; dan 24 jam). Menggunakan kaedah HPLC-UV-VIS, plasma yang dihasilkan dianalisis untuk kepekatan rutin. Analisis itu menunjukkan kepekatan Rutin pada 0 mg/mL (0 jam), 0.151 mg/mL (0.5 jam), 0.176 mg/mL (1 jam), 0.18 mg/mL (2 jam), 0.184 mg/mL (4 jam), 0.163 mg/mL (6 jam), 0.15 mg/mL (12 jam) dan 0.1225 mg/mL (24 jam). Parameter farmakokinetik utama adalah; Cmax 0.184 mg/mL mencatatkan 4 jam (tmax) selepas pemberian oral; AUC0-24 adalah 3.583 mg jam/mL dan t1/2 adalah 94.54 jam. Kajian itu menyimpulkan bahawa Rutin daun daun ubi kayu, mencapai kepekatan maksimum dalam masa 4 jam selepas pengambilan secara oral dan berada di dalam plasma selama lebih dari 24 jam. Oleh itu, disarankan untuk mengambil ekstrak daun ubi kayu sebagai ubat herba, hanya sekali sehari.

Kata kunci: Ekstrak daun ubi kayu; farmakokinetik; flavonoid; penyerapan

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*Corresponding author; email: nugrahaningsihwh@mail.unnes.ac.id