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Sains Malaysiana 49(9)(2020):
2221-2229
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4909-19
Functional Properties of Tilapia’s Fish Scale Gelatin Film:
Effects of Different Type of Plasticizers
(Ciri Kefungsian Filem Gelatin Sisik Ikan Tilapia: Kesan Jenis Pemplastik yang Berbeza) NAZATUL SHIMA AZMI1,2,
ROSELIZA KADIR BASHA1*, NURFATIN NABILA TAJUL ARIFIN1,
SITI HAJAR OTHMAN1 & MOHD AFANDI P. MOHAMMED1
1Department
of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Department of
Mechanical Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh,
Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia
Received: 15 October 2019/Accepted:
8 May 2020
ABSTRACT
The
aim of this study was to investigate the functional properties of Tilapia’s
fish scale gelatin films with various type of plasticizers. Gelatin film
solutions using solution casting method with different type of plasticizers;
glycerol, sorbitol, glycerol: sorbitol (80:20), and diethylene glycol with
concentration of 30% were stirred at 60 °C for one hour and dried at room
temperature for 2 days. The determination of film characterizations was
included thermal (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)), mechanical testing using the
Texture Analyzer and chemical properties (Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR)). Essentially, all plasticizers show an improvement by able
to plasticizing with increasing of elongation at break in between 14 and 50%
compared to the gelatin film without plasticizer. Meanwhile, the tensile
strength of plasticized gelatin films decreased drastically compared to the unplasticized gelatin film. From the result obtained in TGA
analysis, film with sorbitol and dietheylene glycol
demonstrated low resistance toward high temperature compared to film with
glycerol and glycerol:sorbitol gelatin film. In addition, all the gelatin film with different plasticizers
show the value of Tg around 60-70.85 °C
except for sorbitol with Tg 79.98 °C due to
strong intermolecular chain interaction between the sorbitol and gelatin. FTIR
spectrum analysis demonstrated that only gelatin film with glycerol does not
have any amide group that related to stretching vibration of carbonyl group
along the polypeptide backbone of the plasticized film which later give highest
tensile strength. Hence, notable differences of functional properties were
found with four different type of plasticizers used in the gelatin film,
especially in term of temperature resistance and mechanical properties.
Keywords: Functional
properties; plasticizer; tilapia’s fish scale gelatin
ABSTRAK
Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji ciri kefungsian filem gelatin sisik ikan Tilapia dengan pelbagai jenis pemplastik. Larutan filem gelatin yang dihasilkan menggunakan kaedah acuan larutan dengan pelbagai jenis pemplastik; gliserol, sorbitol, gliserol:sorbitol (80:20) dan dietilena glikol dengan kepekatan 30% diaduk pada 60 °C selama satu jam dan dikeringkan pada suhu bilik selama 2 hari. Beberapa penentuan pencirian filem ditentukan termasuk termal (analisis termogravimetri (TGA) dan kalorimetri pengimbas pembezaan (DSC)), ujian mekanikal menggunakan penganalisis tekstur dan sifat kimia (spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR)). Pada dasarnya, semua pemplastik menunjukkan peningkatan pembaikan pada pemanjangan ketika putus sebanyak 14 hingga 50% berbanding dengan filem gelatin tanpa pemplastik. Sementara itu, kekuatan tegangan filem gelatin dengan pemplastik menurun secara mendadak berbanding dengan filem gelatin tanpa pemplastik. Daripada hasil yang diperoleh dalam analisis TGA, filem mengandungi sorbitol dan dietilena glikol menunjukkan rintangan rendah terhadap suhu tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan gelatin filem yang mengandungi gliserol dan gliserol:sorbitol. Di samping itu, semua filem gelatin berbeza pemplastik menunjukkan nilaiTg antara 60-70.85 °C kecuali sorbitol denganTg 79.98 °C kerana interaksi antara rantaian intermolekul yang kuat antara sorbitol dan gelatin. Analisis spektrum FTIR menunjukkan bahawa hanya filem gelatin dengan gliserol tidak mempunyai kumpulan amida yang berkaitan dengan peregangan getaran kumpulan karbonil di sepanjang tulang belakang polipeptida filem plastik yang kemudiannya memberikan kekuatan tegangan tertinggi. Oleh itu, perbezaan sifat kefungsian yang ketara didapati dengan empat jenis pemplastik yang digunakan dalam filem gelatin, terutamanya dalam rintangan suhu dan sifat mekanikal.
Kata kunci: Ciri kefungsian;
gelatin sisik ikan tilapia; pemplastik
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*Corresponding author; email: roseliza@upm.edu.my
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