Sains Malaysiana 52(5)(2023): 1567-1579

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5205-18

Fabrication of Aromatic Polyimide Films Derived from Diisocyanate with Fluorinated Dianhydride

(Pembuatan Filem Polimida Aromatik Terhasil daripada Diisosianat dengan Dianhidrida Berfluorinat)

NAJAA MUSTAFFA¹, TATSUO KANEKO², KENJI TAKADA², SUMANT DWIVEDI³ & NADHRATUN NAIIM MOBARAK^1,*

¹Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Energy and Environment Area, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
³Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark

Received: 27 December 2022/Accepted: 5 April 2023

Abstract

The range of available structure combinations to synthesize polyimide (PI) makes it technically possible to have various universal methods of producing PI film. The molecular design, in which monomers used to synthesize PI are carefully selected to meet specific application requirements as it influenced the properties of PI films. This study aimed to outline the approach for film fabrication through the casting of highly organo-soluble polyimide derived from 4,4’-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) with 4,4’-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphtalic anhydride (6FDA) in different heating treatments. The solution drop amount was tested in order to control the films colour uniformity. A flexible and less crystalline MDI-6FDA film with an average thickness of 93 𝜇m was successfully developed with a tensile strength of up to 57 MPa and an elongation at break of 5%. The resulting MDI-6FDA film also demonstrated good optical transparency (T₅₀₀ = 69%) with a cut-off wavelength at 371 nm and high thermal resistance (T₅ = 574 ℃) with a T_g temperature of up to 238 ℃. The obtained film also shows good chemical resistance in methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and tetrahydrofuran solvents. These outcomes serve as a guideline for the fabrication of polyimide films specifically derived from diisocyanate and dianhydride, with the potential advantages to be used in optical applications.

Keywords: Diisocyanate; flexible films; optical transparency; polyimide; tensile strength

Abstrak

Kepelbagaian gabungan struktur yang tersedia untuk mensintesis poliimida secara teknikalnya telah mewujudkan kaedah yang pelbagai untuk menghasilkan filem PI. Reka bentuk molekul yang melibatkan pemilihan monomer yang digunakan dalam penyediaan PI dipilih dengan teliti, bagi memenuhi keperluan aplikasi tertentu kerana ia boleh mempengaruhi sifat filem PI. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menggariskan pendekatan bagi fabrikasi filem melalui penuangan poliimida organo-larut yang diperoleh daripada 4,4'-metilena difenil diisosianat (MDI) dengan 4,4'-(heksafluoroisopropilidena) diftalik anhidrida (6FDA) dalam rawatan pemanasan berbeza. Jumlah titisan larutan telah diuji bagi mengawal keseragaman warna filem. Filem MDI-6FDA yang fleksibel dan kurang hablur dengan purata ketebalan 93 𝜇m berjaya dibangunkan dengan kekuatan tegangan sehingga 57 MPa dan pemanjangan memutus pada 5%. Filem MDI-6FDA yang terhasil juga menunjukkan kelutsinaran optik yang baik (T₅₀₀ = 69%) dengan panjang gelombang terpenggal pada 371 nm dan ketahanan terma yang tinggi (T₅= 574 ℃) dengan suhu T_g sehingga 238 ℃. Filem yang dihasilkan juga menunjukkan ketahanan kimia yang baik dalam pelarut metanol, etanol, isopropanol dan tetrahidrofuran. Keputusan ini berfungsi sebagai garis panduan dalam fabrikasi filem poliimida khususnya daripada diisosianat dan dianhidrida dengan kelebihan potensi untuk digunakan di dalam aplikasi optik.

Kata kunci: Diisosianat; filem fleksibel; kekuatan tegangan; kelutsinaran cahaya; poliimida

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^*Corresponding author; email: nadhratunnaiim@ukm.edu.my