Sains Malaysiana 30: 153-165 (2001)                                                                           Sains Hayat/

        Life Sciences

Selenium dan Fungsi Tiroid

(Selenium and Thyroid Function)

Ismarulyusda I., Osman A. Jamaludin, M. Zaleha M.I., Khairul O.,

Iskandar Z.A., Mohd Naim A.K., & Khalid B.A.K.

Jabatan Kesihatan Masyarakat, Fakulti Perubatan

Hospital Universiiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak

56000 Cheras, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

ABSTRAK

Pengukuran selenium dan fungsi tiroid telah dilakukan terhadap 442 orang penduduk di lima buah kampung orang Asli di pedalaman Pahang dan Perak. Pengukuran isipadu kelenjar tiroid ditentukan menggunakan alat ultrasound. Serum diambil bagi pengukuran selenium, TSH dan T4 manakala sampel urin dikumpul bagi pengukuran iodin. Min paras selenium adalah 4.082 ± 1.922 ppm (Julat 0.244 - 9.030 ppm). Kajian menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang bererti di antara paras selenium kanak-kanak dan dewasa (p<0.0001) dan di antara remaja dan dewasa (p<0.05). Perbezaan paras selenium adalah bererti (p < 0.0001) di antara lima kampung tersebut iaitu Pos Tual (5.638 + 0.332 ppm), Pos Legap (4.545 + 1.794 ppm), Pos Perwor (4.412 + 1.180 ppm), Pos Sinderut ( 3.910 + 2.082 ppm) dan Pos Bertang (0.890 + 0.331 ppm). Perbezaan yang bererti didapati antara isipadu goiter (p<0.0001) dan T4 (p<0.0001) menurut umur. Korelasi yang bererti juga terdapat di antara selenium dengan isipadu tiroid (Korelasi Pearson, r= ­0.1664, p=0.0051) dan selenium dengan T4 (Korelasi Pearson r=0.1789, p=0.0027). Ini menunjukkan kekurangan selenium berkorelasi dengan  peningkatan isipadu kelenjar tiroid dan kekurangan hormon tiroksin.

ABSTRACT

Selenium and thyroid function were measured among 442 orang Asli from five villages in rural Pahang and Perak. Thyroid gland was measured using ultrasound. Serum was sampled for selenium, TSH and T4 measurement while urine was collected for iodine measurement. Mean selenium level was found to be 4.082 + 1.922 ppm (range: 0.244-9.030 ppm). There was a significant different in selenium levels between children and adult (p<0.000I) and between adolescent and adult (p<0.05). Selenium levels were significantly different (p < 0.0001) among five villages; Pos Tual (5.638 + 0.332 ppm), Pos Legap (4.545 + 1.794 ppm), Pos Perwor (4.412 + 1.180 ppm), Pos Sinderut (3.910 + 2.082 ppm) and Pos Bertang (0.890 + 0.331 ppm). There was a significant different between goitre volume (p<0.0001) and T4 (p<0.0001) by age. There was a significant correlation between selenium and goiter volume (Pearson Correlation, r= -0.1664, p=0.0027). It can be concluded that the decrease in level of selenium was correlated with the increase of thyroid volume and the decrease in thyroxine hormon level.

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