Sains Malaysiana 30: 39-54 (2001)                                                                                                     Sains Bumi /

Earth Sciences

Kedudukan Tektonik dan Petrogenesis Kompleks Benta,

Pahang, Semenanjung Malaysia

(Setting of Tectonic and petrogenesis of Benta Complex Pahang,

Peninsular Malaysia)

Mohd Rozi Umor, Hamzah Mohamad, Syed Sheikh Almashoor

Program Geologi

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E, Malaysia

ABSTRAK

Kajian terhadap Kompleks Benta, Pahang dilakukan bagi mengetahui (1) geokimia jasad granit, (2) batuan punca atau magma induk, dan (3) sekitaran tektonik semasa pembentukan batuan. Berdasarkan ketiga-tiga aspek ini, Kompleks Benta boleh dikelompokkan sebagai batuan bes pertengahan jenis metaalumina dan dikelaskan sebagai suit alkali-kalsik. Batuan punca dicadangkan berasal daripada peleburan separa alkali mantel eklogit pada suhu 800- 1000°C dengan tekanan dan kedalaman masing-masing 15-20 Kba dan 60-70 km. Jasad igneus dikelaskan sebagai jenis A dengan kedudukan tektonik semasa pembentukan batuan dicadangkan pada sekitaran dalam kepingan (WPG). Pada sekitaran ini, tidak berlaku proses orogeni dan batuan igneus yang terhasil adalah daripada proses pengangkatan kerak.

ABSTRACT

Research on the Benta Complex, Pahang was carried out in order to know (1) the geochemistry of granitoid, (2) the source rock or parent magma, and (3) the tectonic setting during the formation of granitoid. Based on these three aspects, the Benta Complex could be classified as an intermediate basic rock of metaaluminous type and grouped as alkaline-calcic suite. The source rock is proposed to have originated from partial melting of mantle eclogite at 800 - 1000°C with pressure at 15 - 20 Kba and 60 - 70 km depth. The igneus rocks are identified as A-type in which the tectonic setting of crystallization is proposed as within plate granite (WPG). In this tectonic setting, the orogenic process did not occur and the igneous rock is obtained from the plate uplifting process.

RUJUKAN/REFERENCES

Bailey, D.K. 1987.  Mantle metasomatisme perspective and prospect. Dalam Fitton, J.G. & Upton, B.G.J. (pnyt.).  Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geological Society Publication 30: 1-13.

Barbarin, B. 1990. Granitoid: main petrogenetic classification in relation to origin and tectonic setting. Geological Journal 25: 227-238.

Batchelor, R.A. & Bowden, P. 1984.  The petrology and geochemistry of alkaline granites from Nigeria. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interior 35: 199-211.

Buma, G.,M Frey, F.A., & Wones, D.R. 1971. New England Granites: Trace elements evidence regarding their origin and differentiation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 31: 300-320.

Chappell, B.W. & White, A.J.R. 1974. Two contrasting granite types. Pacific Geology 8: 173-174.

Cullers, R. L. & Arnold, B. 1981. The petrogenesis of the Tertiary Spanish Peaks Igneous Complex, Colorado, U.S.A. Dalam Henderson, P. (penyunting). Rare Earth Elements Geochemistry. London: Elsevier.

Gleason, J. D., Miller, C. F., Wooden, J. L. & Bennet, V. C. 1994. Petrogenesis of the highly potassic 1.42 Ga Barrel Spring Pluton, Southeastern California, with implication for mid-Proterozoic magma genesis in Southwestern USA. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 118: 182-197.

Harris, C. & Grantham, G. H. 1993. Geology and petrogenesis of the Straumsvola nepheline syenite complex, Dronning Maud Land, Antartica. Geological Magazine 130: 513-532.

Henderson, P. 1982. lnorganic geochemistry. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Hutchison, C. S. 1971. The Benta Migmatite Complex: Petrology of two important localities. Bulletin Geological Society of Malaysia 4: 49-70.

Hutchison, C. S. 1977. Granite emplacement and tectonic subdivision of Peninsular Malaysia. Bulletin Geological Society of Malaysia 9: 187-207.

Hutchison, C. S. 1986. Tectonic settings of the tin-tungsten granites in Southeast Asia. Dalam Hutchison, C. S. (pnyt.). Exploration and evolution techniques for tin-tungston granites in Southeast Asia and the western Pacific region, SEATRAD Technical Publication 6: 24.

Jaafar Ahmad. 1965. Annual Review of the progress made in the regional mapping division of the Geological Survey of Malaysia (Malayan Region). Geological Survey Malaysia Prof. Paper E-65, 2-G. 10-12.

Jaafar Ahmad. 1979. The petrology of the Benom Igneous Complex. Geological Survey of Malaysia Special Paper 2.

Jahn, B., Shih, C. & Murthy, V. R. 1974. Trace elements geochemistry of Archean volcanic rocks. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta 38: 611-627.

Khoo, T. T. 1968. A Petrological study of the Sungai Ruan area, Raub, West Malaysia. BSc. thesis. Jabatan Geologi, Universiti Malaya.

Khoo, T. T. & Tan, B. K. 1983. Geological evolution of Peninsular Malaysia. Workshop of stratigraphic correlation of Thailand and Malaysia. Had Yai, Thailand: 253-290.

Maniar, P.D. & Piccoli, P.M. 1989. Tectonic discrimination of granitoid. Geological Society of America Bulletin 101: 635-643.

Metcalfe, I. 1988. Origin and assembly of Southeast Asian continental terranes. Dalam Audley-Charles, M. G. & Hallam, A. (penyunting) Gondwana and Tethys. Geological Society Special Publication: 79-100.

Mitchell, A. H. G. 1977. Tectonic setting for emplacement of southeast Asia. Geological Society of Malaysia 9: 123-140.

Mohd Rozi Umor. 1999. Petrogenesis batuan Kompleks Benta, Pahang, Semenanjung Malaysia berdasarkan dua lokaliti terbaik. Tesis SSn., Jabatan Geologi, UKM.

Mohd Rozi Umor & Syed Sheikh Almashoor. 2000a. Tren unsur-unsur surih dan nadir burni batuan Kompleks Benta, Pahang sebagai petunjuk kepada proses pembentukan dan evolusi batuan. Prosiding Persidangan Tahunan Geologi 2000, Pulau Pinang, 87-95.

Mohd Rozi Umor & Syed Sheikh Almashoor 2000b. Jujukan usia batuan di dalam Kompleks Benta, Pahang berdasarkan cirian lapangan dan penentuan usia batuan secara K/Arkeseluruhan batuan. Prosiding Persidangan Tahunan Geologi 2000, Pulau Pinang, 111-120.

Norrish, K. & Hutton, J. T. 1969. An accurate X-ray spectrographic method for the analysis of wide range of geological samples. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta 33: 431-453.

Paster, T. P., Schau Wecker, D. S. & Haskin, L. A. 1974. The behaviour of some trace elements during solidification of the Skaergaard layered series. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta 38: 1549-1589.

Peacock, M. A. 1931. Classification of igneous rocks series. Journal of Geology 39: 54-67.

Pearce, J. A., Harris, N. B. W. & Tindle, A. G. 1984. Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology 25: 956-983.

Pitcher, W. S. 1987. Granites and yet more granites fourty years on. Geologische Rundschau 76: 51-79.

Rajah, S.S. & Yin, D.S. 1980. Summary of the geology of the central belts, Peninsular Malaysia. Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia 21 :319-342.

Richardson, J. A. 1938. The geology and mineral resources of the neighbourhood of Raub, Pahang. Geological Survey of Malaysia Memoir 3.

Scrivenor, J. B. 1907. Federated Malay States, Geologist's Report of progress September 1903 - January 1907. Geological Survey Federated States.

Shand, S. J. 1951. Eruptive Rocks: Their Genesis, Composition, Classification, and their Relation to ore-Deposits, edisi ke-3. New York: Wiley & Sons.

Smith, I. E. M., White, A. J. R., Chappel, B. W. & Eggleton, R. A. 1988. Fractionation in a zone monzonite pluton: Monut Drmedary, Southeastern Australia, Geological Magazine 125: 273-284.

Streckeisen, A. 1976. To each plutonic rocks its proper name. Earth Science Review 12:1-33.

Syed Sheikh Almashoor. 1994. The Benta Migmatite Complex revisited. Warta Geologi 22(3): 227 (abstrak).

Tapponnier, P. G., Peltzer, A. Y., Ie Dain, R., Armijo, S. & Cobbold, P. 1982. Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with Pleistocene. Geology 10: 611-616.

Tjia, H. D. 1984. Multi-directional tectonic movements in the schist of Bentong, Pahang. Geological Society of Malaysia, Warta Geologi 10(5):187-189.

Tjia. H. D. & Syed Sheikh Almashoor (dalam percetakan). The Bentong suture in Southwest Kelantan Peninsular Malaysia. Bulletin of Geological Society of Malaysia.

Tjia, H. D. & Zaiton Harun. 1985. Regional structure of Peninsular Malaysia, Sains Malaysiana 14(1):95-107.

Walsh, J., Beckinsale, R. D., Skelhom, R. R. & Thorpe, R. S. 1979. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Tertiary granitic rocks from the Island of Mull, Northwest Scotland. Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology 71: 99-116.

Wilbourn, E. S. 1931. Dalam Scrivenor, J.B. (penyunting). Federated Malay States, Report of the Geological Survey Department for the year i 930. Federated Malay States Gov. Gazette.

Xu Kegin, Sun Nai, Wang Dezi, Hu Shouxi, Liu Yingjun & Ji Shouyuan. 1984. Dalam Xu Kegin & Tu Guangchi (pnyt.). Proceeding of the international Symposium on Geology of granite and their Metallogenetic Relations. Nanjing University, Beijing: Science Press.

Zaiton Harun. 1990. Anatomi sesar-sesar utama Semenanjung Malaysia. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, Jabatan Geologi, UKM, Bangi, Disertasi.