Sains Malaysiana 34(1): 21-26 (2005)

Sel Stem dalam Perkembangan Darah

(Stem Cell in Blood Development)

Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin, Intan Zarina Zainal Abidin,

Sahidan Senafi, Nor Muhammad Mahadi

Pusat Pengajian Biosains dan Bioteknologi

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab

Jabatan Ortodontik, Fakulti Pergigian

UKM, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz

50300 Kuala Lumpur

Zaidah Zainal Ariffin

 Jabatan Mikrobiologi , Fakulti Sains Gunaan

UiTM 40450 Shah Alam,  Selangor D.E.

ABSTRAK

Sel stem juga dikenali sebagai sel induk berupaya untuk menjalani kedua-dua proses pembahagian dan pembezaan sel. Sel stem yang paling primitif iaitu sel totipoten berupaya untuk membentuk satu organisma lengkap daripada satu sel. Sel stem hemopoietik terdiri daripada dua jenis bergantung kepada peringkat perkembangan individu iaitu sel stem hemopoietik embrio dan dewasa. Kajian mendapati hanya 0.01-0.05% daripada keseluruhan populasi sel sumsum tulang berupaya bertindak sebagai sel stem hemopoietik. Daripada julat yang kecil ini sel stem hemopoietik wujud dalam tiga saiz yang mempunyai ciri yang berbeza. Selain daripada itu mikrosekitaran yang mempunyai molekul-molekul regulatori yang berbeza-beza juga memainkan peranan yang penting dalam pembezaan sel stem kepada sel-sel matang yang spesifik.

Kata kunci: Sel stem, haemopoietik, totipoten

ABSTRACT

Stem cells, also known as mother cells are capable of undergoing both cell division and differentiation. The most primitive stem cells are totipotent cells which are capable of producing a complete organism from one cell. There are two types of haemopoietic stem cells depending on their developmental stages known as embryo and adult haemopoietic stem cells. Studies showed that only 0.01-0.05% of total bone marrow cell population consists of haemopoietic stem cells. This small population of stem cells exists in three different sizes with different characteristics. In addition, the microenvironment which contains various regulatory molecules plays an important role in the differentiation of stem cells into specific adult cells.

Keywords: Stem cell, haemopoietic, totipotent

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