Sains Malaysiana 35(2): 9-15 (2006)

Responses of Different Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

to Osmotic Stress

(Tindak Balas Pelbagai Strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Terhadap Tekanan Osmotik)

Noorhisham Tan Kofli

Department of Chemical and Process Engineering

Faculty of Engineering

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Keisuke Nagahisa & Suteaki Shioya

Department of Biotechnology

Graduate of School Engineering

Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita-shi

Osaka 565-0871, Japan

Hiroshi Shimizu

Department of Bioinformatic Engineering

Graduate School of Information Science and Technology

Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita-shi

Osaka 565-0871, Japan

ABSTRAK

Semasa fermentasi, sel berada  dalam keadaan pelbagai tekanan. Salah satu tekanan yang penting adalah  persekitaran  osmotik yang tinggi yang mesti diatasi untuk meneruskan pertumbuhan. Untuk memahami bagaimana sel beradaptasi terhadap kesan ini, maklumat di peringkat genom, proteom dan metabolom  adalah amat penting. Adalah dilaporkan, yis sel menghasilkan gliserol untuk mengelakkan kekurangan air dalam sel yang boleh membawa kepada mengecutan sel dan seterusnya kematian. Oleh itu kajian kesan fisiologi telah dijalankan dalam kelalang goncang menggunakan 3 jenis strain Saccharomomyces cerevisiae yang  berbeza iaitu s288c, IFO2347 dan FY834 yang telah ditumbuhkan dalam medium yis dekstrosa kentang (YPD) dengan penambahan natrium klorida dan sorbitol pada kepekatan 1M untuk menghasilkan keadaan osmotik. Kedua-dua agen ini ditambah kepada medium selepas 5 jam fermentasi iaitu sewaktu sel berada di fasa eksponen dan sumber karbon yang masih wujud. Keputusan membuktikan penambahan kedua-dua agen  natrium klorida dan sorbitol dapat menghasilkan keadaan osmotik sewaktu pertumbuhan  dengan pengumpulan gliserol dan trehalos bila dibandingkan dengan kawalan.  Bagi ketiga-tiga strain ini, penghasilan gliserol (g gliserol/g sel berat kering) didapati tertinggi pada IFO2347, diikuti s288c dan FY834.

Kata kunci: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; tekanan osmotik; gliserol; trehalos

Abstract

During fermentation cells are subjected to various kinds of stress. One of the stresses concerned is high osmotic environment, which cells need to encounter in order to continue growing. To understand how cells adapt to this stress condition, information from genome, proteome and metabolome levels are crucial. In yeast cells, it was report that they produce glycerol to avoid depletion of water in the cell that could lead to cell shrinkage and eventually death. Thus, investigation of physiological responses were executed by shake flask method using three different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains namely s288c, IFO2347 and FY834 which were grown  in  yeast potato dextrose (YPD)  medium under the treatment of sodium chloride (NaCl) and sorbitol at 1M concentration to create the osmotic condition. These agents were added into the medium after 5 hours of fermentation when the cells reached exponential phase and carbon source is still available. The results proved that addition of both NaCl and sorbitol created the osmotic condition during growth resulted in higher accumulation of glycerol and trehalose when compared to the control in all strains. Among these strains, production of glycerol (g glycerol/g cell dry weight) was found highest in IFO2347,  followed by s288c and FY834.

Keywords:  Saccharomyces cerevisiae; osmotic stress; glyserol; trehalose

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