Sains Malaysiana 36(2): 123-132 (2007)

Pengambilan Fe, Mn dan Cu oleh Nepenthes sp.

dalam Tanih Bekas Lombong Pelepah Kanan Kota Tinggi, Johor

(Uptake of Fe, Mn and Cu by Nepenthes sp. in  Ex-Mining Soil at

Pelepah Kanan Kota Tinggi, Johor)

Sahibin Abd. Rahim, Tukimat Lihan, Zulfahmi Ali Rahman, Wan Mohd. Razi Idris,

Azman Hashim, Sharilnizam M. Yusof & Liow Hai Yin

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 5 Januari 2007 / Diterima: 6 Februari 2007

ABSTRAK

Kandungan logam berat Fe, Cu dan Mn dalam tanih serta tumbuhan Nepenthes sp yang diambil daripada kawasan bekas lombong bijih timah dan besi di Lombong Pelepah Kanan, Kota Tinggi, Johor telah dikaji. Kandungan logam berat telah ditentukan di dalam empat bahagian tumbuhan Nepenthes sp. iaitu di dalam akar, batang, daun dan periuk.  Sebanyak 15 sampel tumbuhan Nepenthes sp dan tanih dikumpul untuk dianalisis. Komposisi logam-logam berat dalam sampel tanih diekstrak dengan menggunakan campuran asid nitrik dan asid perklorik. Kandungan logam berat dalam tumbuhan pula diekstrak melalui kaedah penghadaman basah. Kandungan logam berat di dalam larutan ekstrak tanih dan tumbuhan ditentukan dengan menggunakan alat Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom Kaedah Nyalaan (FAAS). Nilai Koefisien Penyerapan Biologi (BAC) dikira sebagai nisbah kandungan logam berat dalam tumbuhan kepada kandungan logam berat dalam tanih. Analisis tanih menunjukkan kawasan bekas lombong didominasi oleh pasir dan bersifat asid. Ia juga mempunyai kandungan bahan organik dan nilai kekonduksian elektrik yang rendah. Logam Fe mencatatkan kepekatan purata paling tinggi di dalam tanih diikuti oleh Mn dan Cu. Tumbuhan Nepenthes sp boleh dijadikan sebagai pengumpul biologi untuk logam Fe kerana nilai BACnya adalah tinggi.

Kata kunci: Nephentes sp.; Biological Accumulation Coefficient (BAC); tanih bekas lombong; pengayaan

ABSTRACT

Heavy metals ontent of Fe, Mn and Cu in soil and Nephentes sp. in a former iron and tin mining land at Lombong Pelepah Kanan, Kota Tinggi, Johor were determined. Heavy metal content were determined in four plant component namely roots, stems, leaves and pots. A number of 15 Nepenthes sp. plants and their corresponding substrate samples were collected for analysis. The composition of heavy metals in soil were extracted using mixture of nitric acid and perchloric acid. Heavy metals content in plants sample were extracted by wet digestion method. Heavy metal content in solution extract of soil and plant component were determined with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The BAC  (Biological Absorption Coefficient) was calculated as ratio of the heavy metal concentration in plant to that of its substrate. The analyses of soil showed that the former mining area was dominated by sand and acidic. It also has a low contents of organic matter and low reading of soil electrical conductivity. The soil contain higher concentration of Fe followed by Mn and Cu. Based on BAC value Nepenthes sp can be used as a bio-indicator for Fe.

Keywords: Nephenthes sp.; Biological Accumulation Coefficient (BAC); ex-mine land; enrichment

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