Sains Malaysiana 37(4):
313-321(2008)
Water Quality of Several Feeder
Rivers
between
Two Seasons in Tasik Chini,
Pahang
(Kualiti Air di antara Dua Musim Beberapa Sungai
Pembekal
di Tasik Chini,
Pahang)
Muhammad Barzani Gasim, Ahmad Abas, Mir Sujaul Islam, Tan Choon Chek
Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran
& Sumber Alam
Fakulti Sains & Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 Bangi, Selangor, D.E., Malaysia
Mohd. Ekhwan Hj. Toriman
Pusat Pengajian Sains Sosial, Pembangunan
& Persekitaran
Fakulti Sains Sosial & Kemanusiaan,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 Bangi, Selangor, D.E., Malaysia
Received: 26 March 2007 / Accepted: 12 March 2008
ABSTRACT
Water
quality analysis of the seven feeder rivers
in Tasik Chini was carried out from October 2004 to December 2005.
A total of nine sampling sites were selected
in this study, namely: Sungai Datang (St.1),
Sungai Cenahan (St. 2), downstream of Sungai Gumum
(St. 3), mid of Sungai Gumum (St. 4),
Sungai Kura-kura (St. 5), Sungai Melai (St. 6), Sungai Jemberau (St. 7), upstream of Sungai Paya
Merupuk (St. 8), and downstream of Sungai
Paya Merupuk (St. 9). Eleven water quality
parameters were selected and analyzed in-situ and ex-situ during
two sampling seasons. Laboratory
analyses were carried out according to the HACH and APHA. Results
of the study indicated that the pH content ranged
from 3.2 to 6.32, dissolved oxygen 0.27 to 6.4 mg/L, conductivity
from 14.33 to 85.7 µS/cm and temperature from 24.1 to 32.1˚C. Total dissolved solids
ranged from 22.67 to 184 mg/L, total suspended solids from 1.17
to 79.11 mg/L and turbidity from 4.67 to 28.67 NTU. Nutrients such as ammonical nitrogen (0.01 to 0.57 mg/L), nitrate (0.7 to 2.9
mg/L), phosphate (from not detectable to 0.50 mg/L) and sulphate
(from not detectable to 2.0 mg/L) were also studied. This showed that most
of the feeder rivers have contributed to
high nutrients values in Tasik Chini.
Statistically, the relationship
between water quality parameters were correlated as very weak and
moderately correlated (R2= 0.40). Phosphate and sulphate
were significantly correlated as positive slope; turbidity and nitrate
showed negative slope with discharge during both the seasons (R2=0.651; R2=0.624). Recent activities
such as deforestation, mining, agriculture and tourism have taken
place in the surrounding areas
of the lake. These activities were expected to influence
the stability of the water quality of
the feeder river of Tasik Chini.
Keywords: Feeder
rivers; logging; nutrients; Tasik
Chini; water quality
ABSTRAK
Analisis terhadap kualiti tujuh sungai
pembekal di
Tasik Chini telah
dijalankan dari
Oktober 2004 sehingga Disember 2005. Sembilan lokasi pensampelan
telah dipilih dalam kajian ini,
iaitu: Sg. Datang
(St. 1), Sg. Cenahan (St. 2), Hilir Sg. Gumum
(St. 3), Pertengahan Sg.
Gumum (St. 4), Sg. Kura-kura (St.
5), Sg. Melai
(St. 6), Sg. Jemberau (St. 7), Hulu Sg. Paya
Merupuk (St. 8), dan
Hilir Sg. Paya
Merupuk (St. 9). 11 parameter kualiti
air telah dipilih dan dianalisis secara in-situ dan ex-situ di makmal
pada kedua pensampelan mengikut
musim. Analisis makmal sepenuhnya dijalankan mengikut
kaedah HACH dan APHA. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kandungan pH berjulat di antara
3.2 ke 6.32, oxygen terlarut dari 0.27 ke
6.4 mg/L, konduktiviti dari 14.33 ke 85.7 µS/cm
dan suhu dari 24.1 ke
32.1˚C. Jumlah
pepejal terlarut berjulat dari 22.67 ke184 mg/L,
jumlah pepejal terampai (1.17 ke 79.11 mg/L) dan
turbiditi dari 4.67 ke 28.67 NTU. Kandungan nutrien
seperti ammonia nitrogen
(0.01 ke 0.57 mg/L), nitrat (0.7 ke 2.9 mg/L), fosfat (nilai yang
tidak dikesan ke 0.50 mg/L) dan sulfat (nilai yang tidak dikesan
ke 2.0 mg/L) turut dikaji. Ini menunjukkan bahawa kebanyakan sungai pembekal merupakan penyumbang
kepada kandungan nutrien yang tinggi di Tasik Chini. Secara
statistik, hubungan korelasi di antara parameter kualiti air menunjukkan
perkaitan sangat lemah dan sederhana (R2=0.40)
atau lebih rendah. Fosfat dan sulfat mempunyai perkaitan yang bererti
sebagai cerun positif,
turbiditi dan
nitrat dengan luahan sebagai cerun
negatif di kedua-dua musim (R2=0.651; R2=0.624). Beberapa
kegiatan terkini, seperti penebangan pokok di hutan, perlombongan,
pertanian dan pelancongan masih berlaku di sekeliling tasik.
Kegiatan sebegini dijangkakan mempengaruhi kestabilan
kualiti air sungai-sungai pembekal di Tasik
Chini.
Kata
kunci: Kualiti air; nutrien; pembalakan; sungai
pembekal; Tasik Chini
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