Sains Malaysiana
37(4): 379-382(2008)
Physicochemical Properties of Malaysian Jatropha curcas
Seed Oil
(Pencirian Fizikokimia Minyak Biji Jatropha curcas
Malaysia)
Jumat Salimon & Rozaini Abdullah
Oleochemistry Programme
School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia
43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E, Malaysia
Received: 18 February 2008 / Accepted: 18 March 2008
ABSTRACT
Jatropha
curcas oil was extracted
using n-hexane as solvent in the Soxhlet extraction method.
The physicochemical properties of Malaysian Jatropha curcas
oil were evaluated. The result showed that the Jatropha seeds
consist of 60% (dry w/w) crude oil. The physicochemical properties
showed that the seed oil contained low moisture level of 0.02±0.01%,
acid value (1.50±0.07%), iodine value (91.70 ± 1.44 mg/g), peroxide
value (0.66±0.04 miliequivalence/kg) and saponification value
of 208.5±0.47 mg/g respectively. Gas chromatography analysis
showed that oleic acid (46.00±0.19%) appears as dominant fatty
acid in seed oil followed by linoleic acid (31.96±0.19%) and
palmitic acid (13.89±0.06%). High performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) results showed that the dominant triacylglycerols present
were PLL (22.00%), POP(16.48%), 000(16.48%), 00L(16.23%) and
OLL(13.00%).
Keywords:
Oleic oil; Jatropha curcas
ABSTRAK
Minyak
Jatropha curcas diekstrak dengan pelarut heksana dengan
menggunakan kaedah pengekstrakan Soxhlet. Pencirian fizikokimia
minyak Jatropha curcas Malaysia telah dilakukan. Hasil
kajian menunjukkan minyak biji Jatropha mempunyai nilai kelembapan
sebanyak 0.02±0.01%, nilai keasidan (1.50±0.07%), nilai iodin
(91.70 ± 1.44 mg/g), nilai peroksida (0.66±0.04 militara/kg)
dan nilai penyabunan sebanyak 208.5±0.47 mg/g. Analisis kromatografi
gas menunjukkan asid oleik (46.00±0.19%) merupakan asid lemak
dominan diikuti oleh asid linoleik (31.96±0.19%) dan asid palmitik
(13.89±0.06%). Keputusan kromatograpi cecair prestasi tinggi
(HPLC) menunjukkan triasilgliserol, TAG yang dominan adalah
PLL (22.00%), POP(16.48%), 000(16.48%), 00L(16.23%) and OLL(13.00%).
Kata
kunci: Jatropha curcas; minyak oleik
REFERENCES/RUJUKAN
Akintayo, E.T. 2004. Characteristic and composition of
Parkia biglobbossa and Jatropha curcas oils and
cakes. Biosource Technology 92: 307-310.
AOCS 1997. Official Methods of Analysis, 16th
ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Arlington. Cd
993.20.
Augustus, G.D., Jayabalan, M. & Seiler, G.J. 2002.
Evaluation and bioinduction of energy components of Jatropha
curcas. Biomass and Bioenergy 23:161-164.
Eromosele, C.O., Eromosele, P. Innazo & P. Njerim.
1997. Short communication: studies on some seeds and seed oils.
Bioresour. Technology 64:
245–247.
Gübitz, G.M., Mittlebach, M. & Trabi, M. 1996. Exploitation
of the tropical oil seed plant Jatropha curcas. L. International
of Biosource Technology 58:77-82.
Kaushik, N., Kumar, K., Kumar, S., Kaushik, N.
& Roy, S. 2007. Genetic
variability and divergence studies in seed traits and oil content
of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) accessions. Biomass
& Bioenergy 31:497-502.
Makkar, H.P.S., Becker, K., Sporer, F. & Wink, M.
1997. Studies on nutritive potential and toxic constituents
of different provenances of Jatropha curcas. J. Agr.
Food Chem. 45:3152-3157.
Martínez-Herrera, J., Siddhuraju, P., Francis, G., Dávila-Ortíz,
G. & Becker K. 2006. Chemical composition, toxic/antimetabolic
constituents, and effects of different treatments on their levels,
in four provenances of Jatropha curcas L. from Mexico.
Food Chemistry 96:80-89.
Ogunniyi, D.S. 2006. Castor oil: A vital industrial raw
material. Biosource Technology 97: 1086-1091.
Porim Test Methods. 1995. Palm Oil Research Institute
of Malaysia, p.203.