Sains Malaysiana 38(3): 371-379(2009)

Kajian Ekso-Ekonomi ke atas Sistem  Sel Bahan

Api Membran Elektrolit Polimer

(Exegoeconomic Analysis On A Proton Electrolyte

Membrane Fuel Cell)

S.K.Kamarudin*, Z. Yaakub & S.Y.Wong

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Kimia Dan Proses, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Diserahkan: 2 September 2008 / Diterima: 6 Oktober 2008

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to perform an exergy and economic analysis on proton electrolyte membrane fuel cell power system (PEMFC) known as exegoeconomic.  A 5 kW PEMFC was taken as case study. The fuel cell includes the hydrogen processing system and a fuel cell stack.  The hydrogen processing system consisted of an auto-thermal reactor (ATR), a water gas shift reactor (WGS), tubular ceramic membrane module (TCR) and a pressure swing adsorber (PSA).  The fuel cell stack was the main power generator.  It was obseved that TCM and PSA have low exergy efficiency of 0.29% and 0.09% repectively.  Exergy efficiency for the auto-thermal reactor and fuel cell stack were higher at 22.44% and 31.97% respectively  and both values are comparable with other studies. The exergoeconomics for the 5kW fuel cell system was determined as  RM4756.62 per GJ. From the analysis, it is also found that the fuel cell cost can more competative, if the cost of operation,  mantainance and  fuel  can be reduced.

Keywords: Exegoeconomic analysis;  system fuel cell

ABSTRAK

Analisis terhadap sistem sel bahan api 5kW ini merangkumi analisis eksergeokonomi iaitu mengkaji kebolehdapatan tenaganya dan seterusnya analisis kesan econominya diambil kira selepas kebolehdapatan tenaganya dilakukan. Sistem sel bahan api dalam kes kajian terdiri daripada unit pemperosesan hidrogen dan unit pemprosesan bahan api dengan unit pemprosesan haba terdiri daripada reaktor auto-terma (ATR), reaktor pemindahan gas air (WGS), satu modul seramik (TMC) dan penjerap tekanan berayun (PSA). Stek sel bahan api penukar proton membran (PEMFC) adalah sumber penjana kuasa yang utama. Didapati modul seramik TCM dan penjerap PSA mempunyai kecekapan kebolehdapatan tenaga yang sangat rendah iaitu 0.29% dan 0.09%. Reaktor auto-terma dan stek sel bahan api pula adalah lebih tinggi iaitu 22.44% dan 31.97%, dan nilai-nilai ini adalah lebih kurang sama dengan kajian lain. Daripada pengiraan, didapati exergoekonomi bagi 5 kW keseluruhan sistem sel bahan api kajian ini adalah sebanyak RM 4756.62 per GJ. Analisis exergoekonomi juga menunjukkan bahawa sistem sel bahan api akan menjadi lebih berekonomi jika kos operasi dan penyelenggaraan dan  kos bahan api dapat dikurangkan.

Kata kunci: Analisis exergeokonomi; sistem sel bahan api

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: ctie@vlsi.eng.ukm.my