Sains Malaysiana 38(5)(2009): 637–644
Kandungan Logam Berat Terpilih
dalam Tanih Ultrabes dan Mengkudu
(Morinda citrifolia)
dari Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
(Selected
Heavy Metal Content in Ultrabasic Soil and Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia)
from Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan,
Malaysia)
Sahibin Abd. Rahim*, Wan Mohd. Razi Idris, Zulfahmi Ali Rahman, Kadderi Md. Desa, Tukimat Lihan, Azman Hashim, Sharilnizam Yusof & Low Hew Kuan
Pusat Pengajian Sains
Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam
Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul
Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 29 Ogos 2008 /
Diterima: 3 Februari 2009
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini dijalankan di kawasan tanih ultrabes di Selaru (S1
& S2) dan Felda Rokan Barat (S3), Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan. Sebanyak lapan belas sampel tumbuhan dan
substratnya telah diambil di kawasan kajian. Tujuan kajian ini ialah
untuk menentukan kandungan logam berat Ni, Cr, Mn, Co, Fe, dan Zn di dalam
tanih dan bahagian akar, batang, daun serta buah tumbuhan. Koefisien
Penyerapan Biologi (BAC) ditentukan secara perkiraan. Kandungan
logam berat di dalam tumbuhan diekstrak secara penghadaman basah manakala
kandungan di dalam tanih diekstrak dengan kaedah pengekstrakan berjujukan. Kandungan logam berat dalam larutan ekstrak tumbuhan dan
tanih ditentukan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Penyerapan Atom Kaedah Nyalaan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kepekatan logam berat paling tinggi dalam substrat
Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) adalah Fe,
diikuti oleh Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn dan Co dengan kepekatan purata masing-masing
1208.5, 583.4, 352.4, 352.4, 70.7 dan 53.6 mg.kg-1. Kepekatan logam berat tersedia bagi Mn dan Zn adalah lebih
tinggi berbanding logam berat tersedia yang lain berdasarkan peratus. Kandungan Fe dan Mn adalah dominan di
dalam semua bahagian tumbuhan. Walau bagaimanapun,
berdasarkan purata BAC,
logam Co menunjukkan nilai pengayaan yang tinggi di semua bahagian.
Kata kunci:
Logam berat; Morinda citrifolia; tanih ultrabes (serpentinit)
ABSTRACT
This study
was carried out at an ultrabasic area, Selaru (S1 & S2) dan Felda Rokan
Barat (S3), Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan. Eighteen samples of plant and their
substrates were collected from study area. The purpose of this study was to
determine heavy metal such as Ni, Cr, Mn, Co, Fe and Zn contents in soils and
different parts of the plant, such as leaf, stem, root and fruit. Biologal
Absorption Coefficient (BAC) of the
plant was obtained by calculation. Heavy metals content in the plant were
extracted by digestion method whereas in soil the heavy metals were extracted
by sequential extraction. Heavy metals content in soil and plant extract was
determined using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. It was found that
heavy metal concentrations in soil substrate for mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) were high for Fe followed by Cr, Ni, Mn,
Zn and Co with average concentration of 1208.5, 583.4, 352.4, 352.4, 70.7 and 53.6 mg.kg-1,
respectively. Available Mn and Zn concentrations were higher than the
other heavy metals in term of percentage. Fe and Mn were dominant in all parts
of plants however in terms of BAC average,
Co showed the highest enrichment value in all parts of the plants.
Keywords:
Heavy metals; Morinda citrifolia; ultrabasic (serpentinite) soil
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat;
email: haiyan@ukm.my
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