Sains
Malaysiana 38(5)(2009): 751–760
A Comparative Study of Extreme
Rainfall in Peninsular Malaysia:
with Reference to
Partial Duration and Annual Extreme Series
(Kajian
Perbandingan Siri Tempoh Separa dan Maksimum Tahunan
Bagi
Hujan Ekstrem di Semenanjung Malaysia)
Wan Zin Wan Zawiah*, Abdul
Aziz Jemain & Kamarulzaman Ibrahim
School of Mathematical
Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
Jamaludin Suhaila
Department of Mathematics, Faculty
of Science
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
Mohd Deni Sayang
Center of Statistical Studies,
Faculty of Information Technology and Quantitative Science
Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 24 Oktober 2008 /
Diterima: 2 Mac 2009
ABSTRACT
Statistical
distributions of annual extreme (AE) and partial duration (PD) for rainfall events are analysed using a database of 50
rain-gauge stations in Peninsular Malaysia, involving records of time series
data which extend from 1975 to 2004. The generalised extreme value (GEV) and generalised Pareto (GP) distributions are considered to model the series of annual
extreme and partial duration. In both cases, the three parameter models such as GEV and GP distributions are fitted by means of L-moments method, which is
one of the commonly used methods for robust estimation. The goodness-of-fit of
the theoretical distribution to the data is then evaluated by means of L-moment
ratio diagram and several goodness-of-fit (GOF) tests for each of the 50 stations. It is found that for the
majority of stations, the AE and PD series are well fitted by the GEV and GP models,
respectively. Based on the models that have been identified, we can reasonably
predict the risks associated with extreme rainfall for various return periods.
Keywords:
Annual extreme series; extreme rainfall events, generalised extreme value
distribution; generalised pareto distribution;
L-moments; partial duration series
ABSTRAK
Taburan
statistik bagi siri ekstrim tahunan (AE) dan tempoh separa (PD) bagi kejadian hujan dianalisis menggunakan pengkalan data 50
stesen sukatan hujan di Semenanjung Malaysia, merangkumi rekod yang berlanjutan
dari 1975 ke 2004. Taburan nilai ekstrim teritlak (GEV) dan Pareto
teritlak (GP) telah
dicadangkan bagi pemodelan siri ekstrim tahunan and tempoh separa. Dalam kedua-dua kes, model tiga-parameter seperti taburan GEV dan GP, dipadankan
menggunakan kaedah momen-L, yang merupakan salah satu kaedah yang sering
digunakan bagi penganggaran teguh. Keserasian padanan
diantara taburan secara teori kepada data kemudiannya dinilai dengan
menggunakan rajah nisbah momen-L dan beberapa ujian kebagusan penyuaian (GOF) bagi
setiap stesen. Didapati bahawa bagi kebanyakan stesen yang dikaji, siri AE mengikut model GEV manakala
siri PD mengikut model GP. Berdasarkan model-model yang telah dikenal
pasti, kita dapat membuat penganggaran yang munasabah mengenai risiko berhubung
dengan hujan ekstrim bagi beberapa tempoh pulangan.
Kata kunci:
Kejadian hujan ekstrem; momen-L; siri maksimum tahunan; siri tempoh separa;
taburan nilai ekstrem teritlak; taburan pareto teritlak
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat;
e-mail: w_zawiah@ukm.my
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