Sains Malaysiana
39(6)(2010): 869–875
Diversity
and Distribution of Stream Fishes of Pulau Langkawi, Malaysia
(Kepelbagaian dan Taburan Ikan Sungai di Pulau Langkawi,
Malaysia)
Izzati Adilah Azmir
Zoology Unit, Tropical Forest & Biodiversity
Centre, Forestry Division
Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor D.E.,
Malaysia
Abdullah Samat*
School of Environmental & Natural Resource Sciences
Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia
43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
Diserahkan: 3 September 2009 / Diterima: 4 Mac 2010
ABSTRACT
Fishes from five streams
in Gunung Machinchang and six streams in Gunung Raya areas of Pulau Langkawi
were surveyed with the aim to investigate their diversity and distribution.
Fish samples were collected from 23rd to 29th November
2007. Samplings took place along the 50 m reach of each of the site using an
electrofisher and scoop nets. A total of 619 individuals of fish comprising 27
species and 14 families were recorded. Sixty-six percent from the taxa listed
were of the cyprinids and Puntius binotatus was the most
abundant species. Carassius auratus auratus was recorded for the first
time in Pulau Langkawi. Streams of the Gunung Machinchang area were dominated
by secondary freshwater fish species, but in the Gunung Raya area the streams
were dominated by primary freshwater fish species. The highest diversity of
fish was recorded for Sg. Kubang Badak with Simpson Index Ds =
0.838 and the lowest was for Sg. Perangin with Ds =
0.450. The highest evenness index of fish species was detected for Sg. Temurun
with Es = 0.684 and the lowest was for Sg. Perangin with Es =
0.299. Species overlapping between streams of the two areas was 9.6%.
Keywords: Habitat; Pulau
Langkawi; species composition
ABSTRAK
Ikan dari lima sungai di
kawasan Gunung Machinchang dan enam sungai di kawasan Gunung Raya di Pulau
Langkawi telah ditinjau untuk meneliti kepelbagaian dan taburannya. Sampel ikan
telah dikumpulkan antara 23 hingga 29 November 2007. Pensampelan dibuat
sepanjang 50 m di setiap lokasi menggunakan perenjat elektrik dan jaring sauk.
Sebanyak 619 individu ikan yang terdiri daripada 27 spesies dan 14 famili telah
direkodkan. Sejumlah 60% daripada taksa tersebut adalah siprinid dan Puntius
binotatus merupakan spesies yang paling tinggi kelimpahannya. Carassius
auratus auratus telah direkodkan buat kali pertama di Pulau Langkawi. Sungai-sungai
di kawasan Gunung Machinchang didominasi oleh spesies daripada kumpulan ikan
air tawar sekunder, tetapi di kawasan Gunung Raya sungai-sungainya didominasi
oleh spesies daripada kumpulan ikan air tawar utama. Kepelbagaian spesies ikan
paling tinggi telah direkodkan di Sg. Kubang Badak dengan Indeks Simpson Ds =
0.838 dan paling rendah di Sg. Perangin dengan Indeks Simpson Ds =
0.450. Keseragaman spesies paling tinggi dikesan di Sg. Temurun dengan Es =
0.684 dan paling rendah di Sg. Perangin dengan Es =
0.299. Pertindihan spesies bagi sungai-sungai di antara dua kawasan tersebut
adalah 9.6%.
Kata kunci:
Habitat; komposisi spesies; Pulau Langkawi
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Pengarang
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