Sains Malaysiana 40(10)(2011): 1087–1095

Genetic Characterization of Two Mahseer Species (Tor douronensis and

Tor tambroides) Using Microsatellite Markers from Other Cyprinids

(Pencirian Genetik dua Spesies Mahseer (Tor douronensis dan Tor tambroides)

Menggunakan Penanda Mikrosatelit daripada Siprinid yang Berbeza)

Yuzine B. Esa

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

Khairul Adha A. Rahim

Department of Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

Siti Shapor Siraj*, Muhammad Fadhil Syukri

Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Siti Khalijah Daud, Ho Ghim Chong

Biology Department , Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Tan Soon Guan

Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Diserahkan: 23 Ogos 2010 / Diterima: 14 Disember 2010

ABSTRACT

This study examined the genetic characteristics of twenty-six microsatellite primers developed from three cyprinid fishes (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, Barbus barbus Linnaeus and Barbonymus gonionotus Bleeker) in two indigenous mahseer. The Tor douronensis Valenciennes were randomly collected from two locations in Sarawak (N=52), while Tor tambroides Bleeker were obtained from Peninsular Malaysia (N=56). A total of ten and twelve primers were successfully amplified producing four and five polymorphic loci in T. douronensis and T. tambroides, respectively. The number of alleles per locus ranging from 2 to 5 in T. douronensis and 2 to 7 in T. tambroides. A significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was observed at three loci (Barb37, Barb59 and Barb62) in one or more populations in T. tambroides while two loci (Barb37 and Barb62) were deviated in T. douronensis population of Batang Ai. Population structure analysis showed low level of inter-population genetic differentiation in both mahseer. Overall, the identified microsatellite loci should be useful in analysing T. douronensis and T. tambroides natural populations.

Keywords: Cross-species study; genetic characterization; mahseer; microsatellites

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini meneliti pencirian genetik dua puluh enam primer mikrosatelit yang dibentuk daripada tiga ikan siprinid (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, Barbus barbus Linnaeus and Barbonymus gonionotus Bleeker) ke atas dua ikan kelah indigenus. Ikan kelah Tor douronensis Valenciennes telah dipilih secara rawak dari dua tempat yang berbeza di Sarawak (N=52), manakala Tor tambroides Bleeker pula telah dikumpul secara rawak dari Semenanjung Malaysia (N=56). Sejumlah sepuluh primer berjaya diamplifikasi menghasilkan empat lokus polimorfik pada Tor douronensis; dan dua belas primer pada Tor tambroides dengan lima lokasi polimorfik. Nombor alel per lokus berjulat di antara dua hingga lima dalam Tor douronensis dan dua hingga tujuh dalam Tor tambroides. Penyimpangan daripada keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg (HWE) yang signifikan telah dijumpai pada tiga lokus (Barb37, Barb59 dan Barb62) di dalam satu atau lebih populasi T. tambroides manakala dua lokus (Barb37 dan Barb62) mengalami penyimpangan dalam populasi T. douronensis dari Batang Ai. Analisis struktur populasi menunjukkan tahap perbezaan genetik yang rendah di peringkat inter-populasi dalam kedua-dua ikan kelah. Keseluruhannya, lokus mikrosatelit yang dikenalpasti berguna untuk menganalisis secara mendalam populasi semulajadi ikan T. douronensis dan T. tambroides.

Kata kunci: Kajian spesies-silang; kelah; mikrosatelit; pencirian genetic

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: shaporsiraj@yahoo.com