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Suplemen Puri Jambu
Batu Merah (Psidium guajava) ke Atas Tikus Teraruh Obesiti: Kesan
Terhadap Aktiviti Enzim Antioksidan, Fungsi Ginjal dan Fungsi Hati
(Pink Guava (Psidium
guajava) Puree Supplement on High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats: Effects on
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Kidney and Liver Functions)
Ayub Mohd Yatim
Deceased
Norazmir Md Nor*
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health
Sciences
MARA University of Technology, Puncak Alam Campus
42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
Diserahkan: 4 Disember 2009 / Diterima: 15 Julai 2010
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini dijalankan
untuk menentukan kesan suplemen puri jambu batu merah (Psidium
guajava) ke atas aktiviti enzim antioksidan, fungsi ginjal dan fungsi hati
pada tikus teraruh obesiti. Sebanyak 30 ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley jantan
dibahagi 5 kumpulan (kawalan negatif dan positif, CN dan CP (air suling); dos rendah, LDG (500 mg/kg bb); dos
sederhana, MDG (1000 mg/kg bb); dos tinggi, HDG (2000
mg/kg bb). Suplemen puri jambu merah diberi bersama diet tinggi lemak selama 6
minggu. Pada akhir kajian, tikus dipuasa semalaman dan dibedah untuk kajian
biokimia darah. Pengurangan signifikan dalam berat badan diperhatikan dalam
kumpulan rawatan berbanding CN dan CP.
Aktiviti spesifik seperti glutation peroksidase (GPx), glutatione redutase (GR)
dan superoksida dismutase (SOD) pada tikus teraruh obesiti
meningkat berbanding CN. Ujian fungsi ginjal bagi kepekatan
urea menurun secara signifikan pada LDG (4.28±0.69 mmol/L), MDG (4.35±0.87
mmol/L) dan HDG (3.85±0.71 mmol/L) berbanding CN (7.02±1.81
mmol/L) masing-masing. Ujian fungsi hati bagi protein total, globulin, nisbah AG dan
alanin aminotransferase (ALT) menunjukkan perbezaan signifikan LDG, MDG dan HDG berbanding CN.
Nilai jumlah protein bagi MDG (72.67±3.65 g/L) dan HDG (76.00±2.49
g/L) lebih rendah berbanding CN (80.11±1.98 g/L). Nilai
globulin bagi LDG (34.17±3.43 g/L), MDG (32.17±1.83
g/L) dan HDG (35.00±3.41 g/L) juga lebih rendah berbanding CN (39.67±0.82
g/L). Nilai nisbah AG bagi LDG (1.22±0.16), MDG (1.28±0.07) dan HDG (1.19±0.14) berbeza secara
signifikan dengan CN (1.03±0.08). Nilai ALT bagi LDG (55.83±15.12 U/L), MDG (50.67±22.65 U/L) dan HDG (57.50±8.48
U/L) lebih rendah berbanding CN (77.00±16.26 U/L),
masing-masing. Kesimpulannya, suplemen puri jambu merah bermanfaat dalam
meningkatkan aktiviti enzim antioksidan dan mencegah komplikasi obesiti yang
berhubungkait dengan fungsi ginjal dan hati.
Kata kunci: Aktiviti
enzim; fungsi ginjal; fungsi hati; jambu batu; profil urin
ABSTRACT
In this study, the effect
of pink guava (Psidium guajava) puree supplementation on antioxidant enzyme
activities, kidney and liver functions in High Fat Diet (HFD)-induced
obese rats was investigated. Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into
control negative (CN) fed with rat pellet; control
positive, low, medium and high dose group (CP, LDG, MDG and HDG) were fed High Fat Diet-AIN93G,
respectively. CN and CP were given distilled water;
while the treated group were given the aqueous puree, at concentration of 500,
1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in distilled water were administered
orally via a drinking bottle, respectively. Pink guava puree was supplemented
with the HFD diet for six weeks. The rats were fasted overnight
and euthanized under an anesthetic condition with ethyl ether, and blood was
collected from the posterior vena cava at the end of experiment. A significant
reduction in body weight was observed in the treated groups as compared to CN and CP group. Specific activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx),
glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)
of the HFD-induced obese rats were significantly increased in
comparison with the CN group. Kidney function test of urea
concentration were significantly decreased in HFD-induced
obese rats; LDG (4.28±0.69 mmol/L), MDG (4.35±0.87
mmol/L) and HDG (3.85±0.71 mmol/L) as compared to CN (7.02±1.81
mmol/L), respectively. Liver function tests for total protein, globulin, A:G
ratio and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed significant
differences in the treated group compared to CN group.
Total protein of MDG (72.67±3.65 g/L) and HDG (76.00±2.49
g/L) were significantly lower compared to CN (80.11±1.98
g/L). Globulin value for LDG (34.17±3.43 g/L), MDG (32.17±1.83
g/L) and HDG (35.00±3.41 g/L) were significantly lower compared to CN (39.67±0.82 g/L). A:G ratio LDG (1.22±0.16), MDG (1.28±0.07) and HDG (1.19±0.14) significantly
different compared to CN (1.03±0.08). ALT value
for LDG (55.83±15.12 U/L), MDG (50.67±22.65
U/L) and HDG (57.50±8.48 U/L) were significantly lower compared to CN (77.00±16.26 U/L), respectively. In conclusion, pink guava puree
supplements seem to be beneficial for increased antioxidant enzyme activities
and correcting/ preventing obesity complications in kidney and liver functions.
Keywords: Enzyme
activities; kidney; liver; pink guava; urine profile
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: azmir2790@puncakalam.uitm.edu.my
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