Sains Malaysiana 41(10)(2012): 1187–1192
Morphological
and Physiological Response of Syzygium
myrtifolium (Roxb.) Walp. to Paclobutrazol
(Respon Morfologi dan Fisiologi Syzygium myrtifolium (Roxb.) Walp. Terhadap Paclobutrazol)
Ahmad Nazarudin Mohd Roseli*
Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109
Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
Tsan Fui Ying
Universiti Teknologi MARA,
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohd Fauzi Ramlan
Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400
Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 1 Mac 2012 / Diterima: 20 Jun
2012
ABSTRACT
Syzygium myrtifolium (Roxb.) Walp. is a popular landscape plant in
Malaysia. This species is always planted as hedge plant and topiary. However,
it requires frequent trimming to maintain its form and aesthetic functions as
it grows vigorously. Conventional trimming technique by using trimming shear or
trimming machine is currently practiced in landscape maintenance which is time
consuming, labour intensive and costly. Therefore, a study was conducted to
investigate the effects of a plant growth retardant, paclobutrazol, on the
growth and physiological response of S. myrtifolium. The plants were
planted in polyethylene bags sized 33 cm in height × 27 cm in diameter
and filled with soil, organic matter and sand (3:2:1). Paclobutrazol at rates
of 0, 1.25, 2.50 and 3.75 g L-1 were soil drenched at 30
days after the plants were trimmed and new shoots were produced. Paclobutrazol
significantly reduced plant height and leaf area but increased the leaf area
index. Reduced photosynthetic rates were recorded with the treated plants as
compared to the control plants. In addition, paclobutrazol at 3.75 g L-1 significantly
reduced the transpiration rate as compared with the control plants and plants
treated with 1.25 g L-1 of paclobutrazol. However, stomatal
conductance was not affected significantly by paclobutrazol. The growth
inhibition effect of paclobutrazol reduced the trimming activity in S.
myrtifolium. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurement indicated that
physiological processes in the paclobutrazol-treated plants were not affected.
Paclobutrazol is concluded to offer a better approach in maintaining the growth
of S. myrtifolium.
Keywords: Chlorophyll fluorescence; growth inhibition; landscape
maintenance; plant growth retardant
ABSTRAK
Syzygium myrtifolium (Roxb.) Walp. merupakan sejenis pokok landskap
yang popular di Malaysia. Pokok ini sering ditanam sebagai pokok pagaran dan
topiari. Walau bagaimanapun, pokok ini perlu kerap dipangkas kerana
pertumbuhannya yang cepat. Teknik pemangkasan menggunakan gunting atau mesin
pemangkas biasa diamalkan dan memerlukan jangka masa yang lama, tenaga kerja
yang banyak serta kos yang tinggi. Oleh itu, satu kajian telah dijalankan bagi
mengenal pasti kesan perencat pertumbuhan pokok, paklobutrazol terhadap
pertumbuhan dan respon fisiologi pokok S. myrtifolium. Pokok ditanam di
dalam beg politena yang berukuran 33 cm tinggi dan bergaris pusat 27 cm serta
diisikan dengan campuran tanah, bahan organik dan pasir (3:2:1). Paklobutrazol
dengan kadar 0, 1.25, 2.50 dan 3.75 g L-1 disiram ke media penanaman
selepas 30 hari pokok-pokok itu dipangkas dan mengeluarkan daun-daun yang baru.
Paklobutrazol didapati mengurangkan tinggi pokok dan keluasan daun, tetapi
meningkatkan indeks luas daun berbanding pokok kawalan. Kadar fotosintesis yang
rendah juga direkodkan bagi pokok yang dirawat dengan paklobutrazol.
Paklobutrazol dengan kadar 3.75 g L-1 menurunkan kadar transpirasi
berbanding pokok yang dirawat dengan kadar 1.25 g L-1 paklobutrazol
dan juga pokok kawalan. Walau bagaimanapun, konduksi stomata tidak terjejas
oleh paklobutrazol. Kesan perencatan pertumbuhan pokok oleh paklobutrazol ini
dapat mengurangkan aktiviti pemangkasan bagi spesies S. myrtifolium.
Pengukuran terhadap floresen klorofil menunjukkan proses fisiologi pokok yang
dirawat dengan paklobutrazol tidak terjejas. Paklobutrazol merupakan satu
pendekatan yang sesuai dalam menyelenggara pertumbuhan pokok S.
myrtifolium.
Kata kunci: Floresen klorofil;
penyelenggaraan landskap; perencatan pertumbuhan; perencat pertumbuhan pokok
perencat
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: nazarudin@frim.gov.my
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