Sains Malaysiana 41(10)(2012): 1233–1237

Antimicrobial Activity of Consecutive Extracts of Etlingera brevilabrum

(Aktiviti Antimikrob Ekstrak Berturutan Etlingera brevilabrum)

Behnam Mahdavi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran

W.A. Yaacob* & Laily B. Din

School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

I. Nazlina

School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Diserahkan: 30 Disember 2011 / Diterima: 23 Jun 2012

ABSTRACT

Disc diffusion (DD), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 21 consecutive extracts of different aerial parts of Etlingera brevilabrum against 18 microorganisms that included six Gram-positive [(+)], ten Gram-negative [(-)] bacteria and two fungi. Among the plant parts, the stolon extracts showed numerous activity than the other parts in which they inhibited Gram-positive of Staphylococcus aureus (ethyl acetate extract: diameter of inhibition zone 12.2±0.3 mm, MIC 3.12 mg/mL, MBC 6.25 mg/mL), methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (ethyl acetate extract: 12.1±0.2 mm, 12.5 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL), S. epidermidis (ethanol extract: 11.4±0.5 mm, 3.12 mg/mL, 3.12 mg/mL), Bacillus thuringiensis (acetone extract: 13.3±0.5 mm, 12.5 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL) and one Gram-negative of Vibrio paraehaemolyticus (water extract: 14.3±0.4 mm, 1.56 mg/mL, 6.25 mg/mL). The highest activity in MIC was shown by the methanol-water (1:1) and water extracts on Gram-negative Aeromonas hydrophila (1.56 mg/mL: leaf water extract) and V. paraehaemolyticus (1.56 mg/mL: methanol-water and water extracts of stolons and leaves and stem water extract).

Keywords: Antimicrobial; disc diffusion; Etlingera brevilabrum; minimal bactericidal concentration; minimum inhibitory concentration

ABSTRAK

Asai peresapan cakera (PC), kepekatan merencat minimum (KMM) dan kepekatan bakteriasid minimum (KBM) diguna bagi menilai aktiviti antimikrob 21 ekstrak berturutan bahagian udara berbeza Etlingera brevilabrum terhadap 18 mikroorganisma termasuk enam bakteria Gram-positif [(+)], sepuluh Gram-negatif [(-)] dan dua kulat. Antara bahagian tumbuhan, ekstrak pangkal-batang memperlihat lebih banyak aktiviti daripada bahagian lain dan ia boleh merencat empat Gram-positif Staphylococcus aureus (ekstrak etil asetat: diameter zon perencatan 12.2±0.3 mm, KMM 3.12 mg/mL, KBM 6.25 mg/mL), S. aureus tahan-metisillin (SATM) (ekstrak etil asetat: 12.1±0.2 mm, 12.5 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL), S. epidermidis (ekstrak etanol: 11.4±0.5 mm, 3.12 mg/mL, 3.12 mg/mL), Bacillus thuringiensis (ekstrak aseton: 13.3±0.5 mm, 12.5 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL) dan satu Gram-negatif Vibrio paraehaemolyticus (ekstrak air: 14.3±0.4 mm, 1.56 mg/mL, 6.25 mg/mL). Aktiviti tertinggi dalam KMM diperlihat oleh ekstrak metanol-air (1:1) dan air terhadap Gram-negatif Aeromonas hydrophila (1.56 mg/mL: ekstrak air daun) dan V. paraehaemolyticus (1.56 mg/mL: ekstrak metanol-air dan air bagi pangkal-batang dan daun dan ekstrak air batang).

Kata kunci: Antimikrob; Etlingera brevilabrum; kepekatan bakteriasid minimum; kepekatan merencat minimum; peresapan cakera

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*Pengarang surat-menyurat; email: wanyaa@ukm.my