Sains Malaysiana 41(3)(2012): 319–324

Antioxidant Properties of Three Banana Cultivars(Musa acuminata ‘Berangan’, ‘Mas’

and ‘Raja’) Extracts

(Ciri-ciri Ekstrak Antioksidan Tiga Kultivar Pisang [Musa acuminata ‘Berangan’,

‘Mas’ dan ‘Raja’])

Tan Ee Shian, Aminah Abdullah*, Khalid Hamid Musa,  Mohammad Yusof Maska

t & Maaruf Abd. Ghani

School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 20 Jun 2011 / Diterima: 19 September 2011

ABSTRACT

The effect of solvent type in antioxidant compounds extraction from banana tissues was studied. The solvent system used was pure methanol, ethanol, acetone and their aqueous solution at 50% and 70% concentrations. Comparison among three common cultivars of banana in Malaysia (Berangan, Mas and Raja) had been done and their antioxidant activities were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging system, ferric reducing ability in plasma (FRAP) assays and total phenolic content (TPC) assays. Acetone 70% had the strongest antioxidant compounds extraction power as compared to other solvent. All banana samples were found to be low in primary antioxidant but powerful secondary antioxidant source of fruit. The ascending order of banana cultivars in term of their antioxidant activities in all antioxidant assays carried out were Berangan < Mas < Raja. FRAP-TPC assays were highly correlated (R2>0.70) than FRAP-DPPH and TPC-DPPH assays due to the same mechanism that occurred in the reaction of FRAP and TPC assays.

Keywords: Antioxidant; banana; extraction solvent

ABSTRAK

Kesan jenis pelarut dalam pengekstrakan unsur antioksidan daripada tisu buah pisang telah dikaji. Sistem pelarut yang digunakan termasuklah metanol, etanol dan aseton tulen dan larutan akueus masing-masing pada kepekatam 50% dan 70%. Perbandingan antara tiga kultivar pisang yang lazim terdapat di Malaysia (Berangan, Mas dan Raja) telah dijalankan dan aktiviti antioksidan ditentukan melalui ujian sistem penindasan 2,2-diphenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), system keupayaan penurunan ion ferik dalam plasma (FRAP) dan jumlah kandungan fenolik (TPC). Pelarut 70% aseton didapati mempunyai kuasa pengekstrakan unsur antioksidan yang paling kuat berbanding dengan pelarut lain. Semua sampel pisang dikenal pasti sebagai sumber buah yang rendah kandungan antioksidan primer tetapi kaya dengan antioksidan sekunder. Penyusunan secara tertib menaik daripada segi aktiviti antioksidan bagi kultivar pisang yang dikaji dalam semua ujian yang dijalankan adalah Berangan < Mas < Raja. Ujian FRAP-TPC dilaporkan mempunyai nilai kolerasi yang tinggi (R2>0.70) berbanding dengan ujian FRAP-DPPH dan TPC-DPPH disebabkan oleh kewujudan mekanisme yang serupa dalam tindak balas ujian FRAP dan TPC.

Kata kunci: Antioksidan; pelarut pengekstrakan; pisang

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: kama@ukm.my