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Gene Mutation Effect of Aqueous and Methanol Extracts of Salted Fish from Pulau Pinang, Malaysia towards V79 Lung Fibroblast Cells (Kesan Mutasi Gen Ekstrak Akues dan Metanol Ikan Masin dari Pulau
Pinang,
Malaysia terhadap Sel Fibroblas Paru-paru V79) Ahmad Rohi Ghazali*, Rasyidah Mohamad Halim, Nor Fadilah Rajab, Noorain Ramli, Rozaini Abdullah, Firdaus Kamarulzaman
& Zaliha Harun
Biomedical Science Programme, School of
Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz
50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 2 Februari 2012/Diterima: 9 April
2013
ABSTRACT
Salted fish is a locally processed raw food which is used in
everyday cooking among Malaysians. Previous studies suggested that salted fish
intake was a risk of nasopharyngeal cancer. Hence, this study was carried out
to evaluate gene mutation effects through the induction of mutagenic effect of
aqueous and methanol extracts of salted fish from Balik Pulau, Pulau Pinang,
Malaysia. Balik Pulau was chosen for sampling purpose due to its popularity as
a commercial centre for local raw fisheries in Malaysia. Evaluation of
mutagenic effect was carried out by hprt Gene Mutation Assay towards V79 lung fibroblast cells. It
was found that the aqueous and methanol extracts of salted fish were not
cytotoxic towards V79 lung fibroblast cells. It was also found that the extracts
of salted fish from Balik Pulau were not mutagenic towards hprt gene of
V79 lung fibroblast cells as the mutation frequency of the extracts did not
exceed 3 times of the value for negative control mutation frequency. In
conclusion, both aqueous and methanol extracts of salted fish from Balik Pulau
did not have gene mutation effect towards hprt gene in vitro.
However, other toxicological profile could be assessed to determine the
mechanism of toxicity of salted fish.
Keywords: Cytotoxic; gene mutation; hprt; Pulau Pinang; salted fish
ABSTRAK
Ikan masin merupakan salah satu makanan tempatan terproses yang kerap
digunakan dalam masakan harian penduduk Malaysia. Kajian terdahulu
menunjukkan perkaitan antara pengambilan ikan masin dengan risiko
menghidap penyakit kanser nasofarinks. Oleh itu, kajian ini telah
dijalankan untuk menilai kesan mutasi gen melalui induksi aktiviti
mutagenisiti pada ekstrak akues dan metanol ikan masin dari Balik
Pulau, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Balik Pulau telah dipilih sebagai
kawasan persampelan kerana popularitinya sebagai pusat pengeluaran
ikan mentah tempatan di Malaysia. Penilaian kesan mutagenik telah
dijalankan dengan menggunakan Asai Mutasi Gen hprt menggunakan sel selanjar V79 iaitu sel
fibroblast paru-paru. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa ekstrak akues
dan metanol ikan masin tidak sitotoksik terhadap sel fibroblas paru-paru V79. Hasil kajian ini juga mendapati
bahawa ekstrak ikan masin dari Balik Pulau tidak mutagenik ke arah
gen hprt sel fibroblas paru-paru V79 dengan frekuensi mutasi ekstrak
tidak melebihi 3 kali nilai frekuensi mutasi berbanding kawalan
negatif. Kesimpulannya, kedua-dua ekstrak akues dan metanol ikan
masin dari Balik Pulau tidak menyebabkan mutasi pada gen hprt
secara in vitro.
Kata kunci: hprt; ikan
masin; mutasi gen; Pulau Pinang; sitotoksisiti
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