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Sains Malaysiana 42(4)(2013):
435–441
Effect of Maleated Compatibiliser (PBS-g-MA) Addition on the Flexural Properties and Water Absorption of Poly(butylene succinate)/kenaf Bast Fibre Composites (Kesan Penambahan ‘Maleated
Compatibiliser’ (PBSgMA) ke Atas
Sifat Fleksur dan
Penyerapan Air Komposit Poli(butilena
suksinat)/Gentian Kulit Kenaf)
M.Z.
Ahmad Thirmizir, Z.A. Mohd Ishak* & R. Mat Taib
School
of Materials and Minerals Resources Engineering, Seri Ampangan Engineering
Campus
Universiti
Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
M.Z.
Ahmad Thirmizir, Z.A. Mohd Ishak* & R. Mat Taib
Cluster
for Polymer Composites (CPC), Engineering and Technology Research Platform
Universiti
Sains Malaysia, Kampus Kejuruteraan,14300 Nibong
Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
S.
Rahim
Wood
Chemistry and Protection Programme, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
52109
Kepong, Selangor D.E.Malaysia
Diserahkan:
5 Jun 2011 / Diterima: 18 Mei 2012
ABSTRACT
Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) composites with 30
wt.% loading of kenaf bast fibre (KBF) were compatibilised with 5 wt.% maleated PBS (PBS-g-MA).
The maleic anhydride (MA) concentration in the compatibiliser was either 3, 5, 7 or 10 phr. In general, the compatibilised
composites showed better flexural properties than the un-compatibilised
composite. The highest increment in the flexural strength and modulus of 12.7
and 8.9%, respectively, were obtained with the addition of PBS-g-MA with MA concentration of 5
phr. Compatibilised and un-compatibilised PBS/KBF composites were
immersed in distilled water for 90 days. The absorption of water by all the
composites was observed to follow Fick’s law. The equilibrium moisture content, Mm, of the composites
with PBS-g-MA at
3, 5 and 7 phr of MA concentrations was lower than that of the
un-compatibilised composite due to improved fiber-matrix interfacial adhesion
and reduction of voids content. Both un-compatibilised and compatibilised
composites showed dimensional instability after the water absorption. This was probably
due to the degradation of the fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion and fibre
integrity. The flexural properties of these composites decreased after the
water absorption. After re-drying only some of the flexural properties were
recovered from plasticizing effect of water.
Keyword: Composites; dimensional stability; interfacial adhesion;
mechanical properties; water absorption
ABSTRAK
Komposit poli(butilena suksinat) (PBS)
dengan pembebanan 30 % berat gentian kulit kenaf telah ditambah dengan 5 % berat
‘maleated PBS’
(PBSgMA).
Kepekatan maleik anhidrida (MA) dalam penserasi yang digunakan ialah 3, 5,
7 atau 10 phr. Secara umumnya, komposit yang ditambah dengan penserasi
menunjukkan sifat fleksur yang lebih baik berbanding komposit tanpa penserasi.
Peningkatan kekuatan dan modulus fleksural yang tertinggi iaitu sebanyak 12.7
dan 8.9 % telah diperoleh oleh komposit dengan penambahan PBSgMA dengan kepekatan MA 5
phr. Komposit PBS/KBF dengan dan tanpa penserasi telah direndam dalam air suling untuk
tempoh 90 hari. Penyerapan air oleh semua komposit adalah
mengikut Hukum Fick. Kandungan lembapan pada keseimbangan, Mm, bagi komposit dengan penambahan PBSgMA pada
kepekatan MA 3, 5 dan 7 phr adalah lebih rendah berbanding komposit tanpa
penserasi kerana kesan penambahbaikan pelekatan antara muka gentian-matriks dan
pengurangan kandungan lompang-lompang dalam komposit. Kedua-dua
komposit tanpa dan dengan penserasi menunjukkan ketidakstabilan dimensi selepas
penyerapan air berlaku. Ini adalah kerana degredasi
pelekatan berlaku antara muka gentian-matriks dan integriti gentian. Sifat fleksural komposit-komposit itu juga menurun selepas
penyerapan air. Selepas proses pengeringan sampel, hanya sebahagian
sifat fleksural diperoleh semula.
Kata kunci: Kestabilan dimensi; komposit;
pelekatan antara muka; penyerapan air; sifat mekanik
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: zharif@eng.usm.my
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