Sains Malaysiana 43(11)(2014): 1635–1643

 

Soil Properties and Variation between Three Forest Types in

Tropical Watershed Forest of Chini Lake, Peninsular Malaysia

(Ciri dan Variasi Tanah antara Tiga Jenis Hutan dalam Hutan Lembangan Tropika, Tasik Chini, Semenanjung Malaysia)

 

 

M. KHAIRIL1,2*, W.A. WAN JULIANA2,3, M.S. NIZAM2 & W.M. RAZI IDRIS2

 

1Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)

Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

 

2School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

 

3Tasik Chini Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 19 Julai 2012/Diterima: 20 Ogos 2014

 

ABSTRACT

Three forest types were recognized at Chini watershed namely inland, seasonal flood and riverine forests. The soil physico-chemical characteristics from the three forest types were investigated to determine the soil properties variation within a landscape scale. Thirty sampling stations were established, represented by fourteen inland, nine stations in seasonal flood forest and seven in riverine forest. In each station, three soil samples were taken at 0-15 cm depth by using an auger. The study showed 71% of the soil in the inland forest was found to be dominated by clay, 44% of the soil in the seasonal flood forest by clay loam and 42% of the soil in the riverine forest was dominated by silty clay. The pH of all three types of forest studied was acidic and insignificantly different. Organic matter content in the study sites was moderate. The mean of electric conductivity (EC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) values in the studied soils were low. Based on ANOVA, there were significant differences of the available P and K, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations and electrical conductivity amongst the three forest types (p< 0.05). Cluster analysis showed that the variations of the soil physico-chemical characteristics between the three forest types were low thus indicating that the soil physico-chemical investigated in this study were not the only main contributing factors in floristic variation of the three forest types in Chini watershed.

 

Keywords: Chini watershed forest; soil physic-chemical properties; soil variation

 

ABSTRAK

Tiga jenis hutan telah dikenal pasti di lembangan Chini iaitu hutan pedalaman, banjir bermusim dan riparia. Suatu kajian ke atas sifat fizik-kimia tanah di ketiga-tiga jenis hutan ini dijalankan untuk menentukan variasi ciri tanah pada skala landskap. Sebanyak tiga puluh stesen persampelan telah dibina yang diwakili oleh empat belas stesen di hutan pedalaman, sembilan stesen di hutan banjir bermusim dan tujuh stesen di hutan riparia. Tiga sampel tanah diambil pada kedalaman 0-15 cm menggunakan auger, di setiap stesen. Kajian mendapati sebanyak 71% tanah di hutan pedalaman didominasi oleh liat, 44% tanah di hutan banjir bermusim didominasi oleh lom liat dan 42% tanah di hutan riparia didominasi oleh kelodak liat. Ketiga-tiga jenis hutan menunjukkan nilai pH yang berasid dan tidak berbeza secara signifikan. Nilai kandungan organik tanah adalah sederhana di tapak kajian. Nilai min kekonduksian elektrik (EC) dan keupayaan pertukaran kation (CEC) kajian ini adalah rendah. Berdasarkan analisis ANOVA, terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan (p<0.05) bagi nilai P dan K tersedia, kation-kation K+, Ca2+ dan Mg2+ dan kekonduksian elektrik tanah antara tiga jenis hutan. Analisis kluster menunjukkan variasi ciri fizik-kimia tanah di antara tiga jenis hutan adalah rendah. Kajian ini mendapati kandungan fizik-kimia tanah bukanlah satu-satunya faktor yang mempengaruhi variasi tumbuhan di tiga jenis hutan di lembangan Chini.

 

Kata kunci: Ciri fizik-kimia tanah; lembangan Chini; variasi tanah

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: ayie@ukm.edu.my