Sains Malaysiana 43(11)(2014): 1635–1643
Soil
Properties and Variation between Three Forest Types in
Tropical
Watershed Forest of Chini Lake, Peninsular Malaysia
(Ciri dan Variasi Tanah antara Tiga Jenis Hutan dalam Hutan
Lembangan Tropika, Tasik Chini, Semenanjung Malaysia)
M. KHAIRIL1,2*, W.A. WAN JULIANA2,3, M.S. NIZAM2 & W.M. RAZI IDRIS2
1Faculty
of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala
Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
2School
of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and
Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600
Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
3Tasik Chini Research
Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 19 Julai 2012/Diterima: 20 Ogos 2014
ABSTRACT
Three forest types were recognized at Chini watershed namely
inland, seasonal flood and riverine forests. The soil physico-chemical
characteristics from the three forest types were investigated to determine the
soil properties variation within a landscape scale. Thirty sampling stations
were established, represented by fourteen inland, nine stations in seasonal
flood forest and seven in riverine forest. In each station, three soil samples
were taken at 0-15 cm depth by using an auger. The study showed 71% of the soil
in the inland forest was found to be dominated by clay, 44% of the soil in the
seasonal flood forest by clay loam and 42% of the soil in the riverine forest
was dominated by silty clay. The pH of all three types of forest studied was
acidic and insignificantly different. Organic matter content in the study sites
was moderate. The mean of electric conductivity (EC)
and cation exchange capacity (CEC) values in the studied
soils were low. Based on ANOVA, there were significant
differences of the available P and K, K+,
Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations
and electrical conductivity amongst the three forest types (p< 0.05). Cluster analysis showed that the
variations of the soil physico-chemical characteristics between the three
forest types were low thus indicating that the soil physico-chemical
investigated in this study were not the only main contributing factors in
floristic variation of the three forest types in Chini watershed.
Keywords: Chini watershed forest; soil physic-chemical
properties; soil variation
ABSTRAK
Tiga jenis hutan telah dikenal pasti di
lembangan Chini iaitu hutan pedalaman, banjir bermusim dan riparia. Suatu kajian ke atas sifat
fizik-kimia tanah di ketiga-tiga jenis hutan ini dijalankan untuk menentukan
variasi ciri tanah pada skala landskap. Sebanyak tiga
puluh stesen persampelan telah dibina yang diwakili oleh empat belas stesen di
hutan pedalaman, sembilan stesen di hutan banjir bermusim dan tujuh stesen di
hutan riparia. Tiga sampel tanah diambil pada
kedalaman 0-15 cm menggunakan auger, di setiap stesen. Kajian mendapati
sebanyak 71% tanah di hutan pedalaman didominasi oleh liat, 44% tanah di hutan banjir
bermusim didominasi oleh lom liat dan 42% tanah di hutan riparia didominasi
oleh kelodak liat. Ketiga-tiga jenis hutan menunjukkan nilai
pH yang berasid dan tidak berbeza secara signifikan. Nilai
kandungan organik tanah adalah sederhana di tapak kajian. Nilai min kekonduksian elektrik (EC)
dan keupayaan pertukaran kation (CEC) kajian ini adalah rendah. Berdasarkan analisis ANOVA, terdapat perbezaan yang
signifikan (p<0.05) bagi nilai P
dan K tersedia, kation-kation K+, Ca2+ dan
Mg2+ dan kekonduksian elektrik
tanah antara tiga jenis hutan. Analisis kluster menunjukkan
variasi ciri fizik-kimia tanah di antara tiga jenis hutan adalah rendah. Kajian ini mendapati kandungan fizik-kimia tanah bukanlah
satu-satunya faktor yang mempengaruhi variasi tumbuhan di tiga jenis hutan di
lembangan Chini.
Kata kunci: Ciri fizik-kimia tanah; lembangan
Chini; variasi tanah
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: ayie@ukm.edu.my
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