Sains Malaysiana 43(12)(2014):
1937–1942
Quantitative
Gas Chromatographic Method for the Analysis of cis and trans
Fatty
Acid in Margarines
(Kaedah Kuantitatif Gas Kromatograpi untuk Analisis Asid Lemak cis dan trans
dalam Sampel Margarin)
JUMAT SALIMON*, TALAL AHMED & NADIA SALIH
School of Chemical Sciences & Food
Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600
Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 11 Januari 2013/Diterima: 17 April 2014
ABSTRACT
Fats and oils in human diets are the main sources of essential
fatty acids for the body. However, there is a mounting concern about the intake
of foods containing trans fatty acids (TFAs)
due to their deleterious effects on human. Thus, the accurate detection of
fatty acids (FAs)
and TFAs
is needed to control and correct nutrition labeling in dietary fat samples.
Accordingly, a method for the identification and quantification of FAs
and TFAs
in food fats by gas chromatography (GC) based on the extraction of lipids and
derivatization using base catalyzed followed by trimethylsilyl-diazomethane (TMS-DM)
was developed. The proposed method was evaluated to standard mixture of oleic
acid (OA)
(C18:1cis 9) and Elaidic acid (EA) (C18:1 trans 9)
and its application to three samples of commercial margarines was demonstrated.
Based on the results obtained, recovery values (R) from all the samples were
close to 100%. Repeatability (RSD) values ranged between 0.78 and 2.47%,
while Reproducibility (RSD) values ranged between 1.14 and 3.65%.
Consequently, the proposed method is sensitive, accurate and suitable for FAs
and TFAs
analysis of food fats and oils and can be applied to nutritional, medicine and
food studies.
Keywords: Derivatization; food fats; quantitative analyses; trans fatty acids
ABSTRAK
Minyak dan lemak dalam pemakanan harian
merupakan sumber utama asid lemak yang diperlukan dalam tubuh manusia. Namun begitu, kesedaran yang tinggi terhadap
pengambilan makanan yang mengandungi asid lemak trans (TFAs) wujud disebabkan oleh kesan buruk
terhadap manusia. Oleh itu, kaedah penentuan secara tepat
kandungan asid lemak (FAs) dan TFAs amat diperlukan bagi
tujuan pengawalan dan perlabelan kandungan nutrien dalam sampel makanan
berlemak. Suatu kaedah pengenalpastian dan penentuukuran kandungan FAs
and TFAs
dalam sampel makanan berlemak secara gas kromatograpi (GC) berasaskan kepada
pengekstrakan lipid dan penterbitan menggunakan mangkin bes diikuti oleh
trimetilsilil-diazometana (TMS-DM) telah dibangunkan. Kaedah cadangan
telah dinilai dan diuji menggunakan sampel campuran piawai asid oleik (OA;
C18:1cis 9) dan asid elaidik (EA; C18:1 trans 9)
dan penggunaannya terhadap tiga sampel margarin dagangan telah ditunjukkan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa nilai kebolehdapatan (R) daripada
setiap sampel kajian adalah menghampiri 100%. Nilai kebolehulangan RSD adalah
dalam julat 0.78 hingga 2.47%, sementara nilai kebolehhasilan RSD adalah dalam julat
1.14 hingga 3.65%. Oleh itu kaedah cadangan terbukti merupakan suatu kaedah
yang sensitif, tepat dan sesuai untuk penganalisaan kandungan FAs and TFAs dalam sampel makanan
berlemak dan boleh digunakan dalam bidang pemakanan, perubatan dan kajian
makanan.
Kata kunci: Analisis kuantitatif; asid lemak trans; makanan berlemak; penterbitan
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: jumat@ukm.edu.my
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