Sains Malaysiana 43(12)(2014): 1965–1972

 

Development of the Double Digest Selective Label (DDSL) Typing Technique and Its Application to Staphylococcus aureus Epidemiology

(Pembangunan Label Terpilih Cernaan Berganda (DDSL) Teknik Penjenisan

dan Pemakaiannya dalam Epidemiologi Staphylococcus aureus)

 

V. TERLETSKIY1, V. TYSHCHENKO1, D.A. MYRZAKOZHA2*, O.O. ZHANSERKENOVA2,

Y.S. USSENBEKOV2 & NURBEK L. ADAEV3

 

1All-Russia Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding

Moscowskoye sh. 55a, 196625, St. Petersburg-Pushkin, Russia

 

2Kazakhstan National Agrarian University, Abaj str. 8, Almaty, Kazakhstan

 

3Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture, Lenin str. 1, Gikalo village, Groznij district,

366021 Russia

 

Diserahkan: 31 Disember 2012/Diterima: 13 Ogos 2014

 

ABSTRACT

 

Bacterial typing is a key technology in human and veterinary medicine, community health, consumer protection and in agricultural research. The importance of the development of epidemiological tracking tools is underlined by numerous outbreaks of diseases due to bacterial pathogens. Particularly important is tracing pathogen dissemination in ‘real time’ i.e. to use a fast typing technique to distinguish between clonally related (epidemic) strains and unrelated (sporadic) strains. The aim of the research was to develop a fast discriminatory molecular typing technique - double digest selective label (DDSL) for Staphylococcus aureus isolates and to compare typing data with that obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In this new typing method, large DNA fragments are produced with a restriction enzyme commonly used for PFGE but are trimmed by a second enzyme to a size which can be separated on a conventional agarose gel within a short period of time. Selective labelling of a subset of the numerous restriction fragments gives a distinct banding pattern for each isolate. Discriminatory power obtained with DDSL calculated over two different sets was higher than that of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Clusters of identical isolates were further resolved to unique DDSL strains. Two combinations of restriction enzymes for DDSL technique has been proposed with approximately equal discriminatory power. It has been demonstrated that DDSL approach is a fast, discriminatory alternative to other typing techniques suitable for short-term epidemiological studies.

 

Keywords: DDSL; DNA; electrophoresis; epidemiology; fingerprinting; Staphylococcus aureus

 

 ABSTRAK

Penjenisan bakteria adalah teknologi utama dalam perubatan manusia dan haiwan, kesihatan masyarakat, perlindungan pengguna dan penyelidikan pertanian. Kepentingan pembangunan alat pengesanan epidemiologi digariskan oleh pelbagai wabak penyakit yang disebabkan oleh patogen bakteria. Adalah amat penting untuk mengesan penyebaran patogen secara ‘masa nyata’ iaitu untuk menggunakan teknik penjenisan pantas untuk membezakan antara strain berkaitan klon (wabak) dan strain tidak berkaitan (setempat-setempat). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan teknik penjenisan diskriminasi molekul pantas- label terpilih cernaan berganda (DDSL) bagi pengasingan Staphylococcus aureus dan untuk membandingkan penjenisan data dengan yang diperoleh melalui elektroforesis jel medan denyut. Dalam kaedah penjenisan baru ini, cebisan DNA yang besar dihasilkan dengan enzim sekatan yang biasanya digunakan untuk PFGE tetapi dikemaskan oleh enzim kedua kepada saiz yang boleh dipisahkan dengan jel konvensional agarosa dalam tempoh masa yang singkat. Pelabelan terpilih sebahagian daripada cebisan sekatan yang banyak memberikan corak banding yang berlainan bagi setiap pencilan. Kuasa diskriminasi yang diperoleh dengan DDSL dikira menggunakan dua set yang berbeza adalah lebih tinggi daripada elektroforesis jel medan denyut. Kelompok pencilan seiras telah dileraikan kepada strain DDSL yang unik. Kombinasi dua sekatan enzim untuk teknik DDSL telah dicadangkan dengan kuasa diskriminasi yang hampir sama. Ia telah menunjukkan bahawa pendekatan DDSL adalah pantas dan diskriminasi alternatif kepada lain-lain teknik penjenisan yang sesuai untuk kajian epidemiologi jangka pendek.

 

Kata kunci: DDSL; DNA; elektroforesis; epidemiologi; pencapjarian; Staphylococcus aureus 

RUJUKAN

Al-Zahrani, I.A., Hamson, C., Edge, D., Collins, J., Perry, J.D., Raza, M., Gould, K. & Harwood, C.R. 2011. SmaI restriction site-based multiplex PCR for typing of hospital-and community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49: 3820-3828.

Argudin, M.A., Fetsch, A., Tenhagen, B.A., Hammerl, J.A., Hertwig, S., Kowall, J., Rodicio, M.R., Kasbohrer, A., Helmuth, R., Schroeter, A., Mendoza, M.C., Braunig, J., Appel, B. & Guerra, B. 2010a. High heterogeneity within methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 isolates, defined by Cfr9I macrorestriction-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles and spa and SCCmec types. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76: 652-658.

Argudin, M.A., Rodicio, M.R. & Guerra, B. 2010b. The emerging methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 clone can easily be typed using the Cfr9I SmaI-neoschizomer. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 50: 127-130.

Bikandi, J., San Millán, R., Rementeria, A. & Garaizar, J. 2004. In silico analysis of complete bacterial genomes: PCR, AFLP-PCR, and endonuclease restriction. Bioinformatics 22: 798-799.

Blanc, D.S. 2004. The use of molecular typing for epidemiological surveillance and investigation of endemic nosocomial infections. Infect. Genet. Evol. 4: 193-197.

Boers, S.A., van Ess, I., Euser, S.M., Jansen, R., Tempelman, F.R. & Diederen, B.M. 2011. An outbreak of a multiresistant methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MR-MSSA) strain in a burn centre: the importance of routine molecular typing. Burns. 37: 808-813.

Bosch, T., de Neeling, A.J., Schouls, L.M., van der Zwaluw, K.W., Kluytmans, J.A., grundmann, H. & Huijsdens, X.W. 2010. PFGE diversity within the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal lineage ST398. BMC Microbiol. 10: 40.

Davis, M.A., Hancock, D.D., Besser, T.E. & Call, D.R. 2003. Evaluation of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis as a tool for determining the degree of genetic relatedness between strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 1843-1849.

Fakhr, M.K., Nolan, L.K. & Logue, C.M. 2005. Multilocus sequence typing lacks the discriminatory ability of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for typing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 2215-2219.

Feßler, A.T., Kadlec, K., Hassel, M., Hauschild, T., Eidem, C., Ehricht, R., Monecke, S. & Schwatz, S. 2011. Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from food and food products of poultry origin in Germany. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 77: 7151-7157.

Feßler, A., Scott, C., Kadlec, K., Enricht, R., Monecke, S. & Schwarz, S. 2010. Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 from cases of bovine mastitis. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 65: 619-625.

Foley, S.L., Simjee, S., Meng, J., White, D.G., McDermott, P.F. & Zhao, S. 2004. Evaluation of molecular typing methods for Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates from cattle, food, and humans. J. Food Prot. 67: 651-657.

Foxman, B., Zhang, L., Koopman, J.S., Manning, S.D. & Marrs, C.F. 2005. Choosing an appropriate bacterial typing technique for epidemiological studies. Epidemiol. Perspect. Innov. 2: 10-17.

Francois, P., Huyghe, A., Charbonnier, Y., Bento, M., Herzig, S., Topolski, I., Fleury, B., Lew, D., Vaudaux, P., Harbarth, S., van Leeuwen, W., van Belkum, A., Blanc, D.S., Pittet, D. & Schrenzel, J. 2005. Use of an automated multiple-locus, variable-number tandem repeat-based method for rapid and high-throughput genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 3346-3355.

Koort, J.M.K., Lukinmaa, S., Rantala, M., Unkila, E. & Siitonen, A. 2002. Technical improvement to prevent DNA degradation of enteric pathogens in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 3497-3498.

Melles, D.C., Gorkink, D.F.J., Boelens, H.A.M., Snijders, S.V., Peeters, J.K., Moorhouse, M.J., van der Spek, P.J., van Leeuwen, W.B., Simons, G., Verbrugh, H.A. & van Belkum, A. 2004. Natural population dynamics and expansion of pathogenic clones of Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin. Invest. 114: 1732-1740.

Mitani, N., Koizumi, A., Sano, R., Masutani, T., Murakawa, K., Mikasa, K. & Okamoto, Y. 2005. Molecular typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by PCR-RFLP and its usefulness in an Epidemiological study of an outbreak. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 58: 250-252.

Terletskiy, V., Tyshchenko, V., Martinez-Ballesteros, I., Garaizar, J. & Bikandi, J. 2010. Validation of double digest selective label database for sequenced prokaryotic genomes. Bioinformatics 26: 417-418.

Terletskiy, V., Kuhn, G., Francioli, P. & Blanc, D.S. 2008. Application and evaluation of double digest selective label (DDSL) typing technique for Pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital isolates. J. Microbiol. Methods 72: 283-287.

Terletskiy, V., Michael, G.B. & Schwarz, S. 2004. Subtracted restriction fingerprinting - a new typing technique using magnetic capture of tagged restriction fragments. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 41: 1-8.

Trindade, P.A., McCulloh, J.A., Oliveira, G.A. & Mamizuka, E.M. 2003. Molecular techniques for MRSA typing: Current issues and perspectives. Braz. J. Infect. Dis. 7: 32-43.

Willse, A., Straub, T.M., Wunschel, S.C., Small, J.A., Call, D.R., Daly, D.S. & Chandler, D.P. 2004. Quantitative oligonucleotide microarray fingerprinting of Salmonella enterica isolates. Nucleic Acids Res. 32: 1848-1856.

 

 

*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: myrzakozha@yahoo.com

 

   

 

sebelumnya