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Reassessment of Physico-Chemical Water Quality in Setiu Wetland, Malaysia (Penilaian
Semula Kualiti Air Fiziko-Kimia di Tanah Bencah Setiu, Malaysia)
S. SURATMAN1,2*, A.N.A.R. HUSSEIN1, M.T. LATIF3 & K. WESTON4
1Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia
Terengganu
21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
2Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
3School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of
Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,
Selangor, D.E. Malaysia
4Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield
Road, Lowestoft
Suffolk NR33 0HT, United
Kingdom
Diserahkan: 28 Ogos 2013/Diterima: 5 Disember
2013
ABSTRACT
Setiu Wetland is located in the southern part of South China Sea,
Malaysia. This wetland has diverse ecosystems that represent a vast array of
biological diversity and abundance in utilizable natural resources. However,
there are large scales of aquaculture activities within and nearby the wetland
which could threaten the ecosystems of this area. Thus, the main goal of the
study was to assess the impact of these activities through the measurement of
physico-chemical water quality parameters and then compare this to a previous
study carried out in the same study area. The parameters (salinity,
temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and total suspended
solids) were monitored monthly at the surface water from July to October 2008.
The results showed that the impact of aquaculture activities on the water
quality in the area with dissolved oxygen and total suspended solids
concentrations were considerably lower than those observed previously. With
respect to the Malaysian Marine Water Quality Criteria and Standard, most of
the level of parameters measured remained Class 1, suggesting the
physico-chemical environment were in line with sustainable conservation of the
marine protected areas and marine parks of this wetland area.
Keywords: Aquaculture activities; physico-chemical water quality;
Setiu Wetland; South China Sea (Malaysia); surface water
ABSTRAK
Tanah Bencah Setiu terletak di bahagian selatan
Laut China Selatan, Malaysia. Tanah bencah ini mempunyai pelbagai ekosistem
yang mewakili biodiversiti biologi dan banyak sumber semula jadi yang boleh
digunakan. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat aktiviti
akuakultur yang berskala besar di dalamnya dan berhampiran dengan tanah bencah
tersebut yang boleh mengancam ekosistem kawasan ini. Maka, tujuan utama
kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk menilai kesan daripada aktiviti ini melalui
pengukuran parameter fiziko-kimia kualiti air dan membandingkannya dengan
kajian terdahulu yang pernah dijalankan di kawasan yang sama. Parameter (saliniti, suhu, pH, keterlarutan oksigen, kehendak
biokimia oksigen dan jumlah pepejal terampai) untuk permukaan air di pantau
setiap bulan dari bulan Julai hingga Oktober 2008. Keputusan
menunjukkan kesan aktiviti akuakultur terhadap kualiti air di kawasan kajian
dengan kepekatan keterlarutan oksigen dan jumlah pepejal terampai adalah rendah
jika dibandingkan dengan kajian lepas. Merujuk kepada Piawai dan
Kriteria Kualiti Air Marin Malaysia, kebanyakan paras parameter yang diukur
adalah dalam Kelas 1 yang menunjukkan persekitaran fiziko-kimia adalah selari
dengan pemuliharaan mampan kawasan terkawal marin dan taman marin untuk kawasan
tanah bencah.
Kata kunci: Aktiviti
akuakultur; fiziko-kimia kualiti air; Laut China Selatan (Malaysia); permukaan
air; Tanah Bencah Setiu
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: miman@umt.edu.my
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