Sains Malaysiana 44(1)(2015): 7–15
Pollen
and Seed Morphology of Rhinacanthus Nees and Hypoestes Sol. ex R.
Br. (Acanthaceae) of Yemen
(Morfologi Debunga dan Biji Rhinacanthus Nees dan Hypoestes Sol. ex R. Br. (Acanthaceae) dari Yemen)
ANISA S. AL-HAKIMI1,2*, HAJA MAIDEEN1 & A. LATIFF1
1School of
Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2Taiz University,
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taiz, Yemen
Diserahkan: 12 Julai 2013/Diterima: 23 Mei 2014
ABSTRACT
Pollens and seeds of Hypoestes and Rhinacanthus collected from different
field localities in Taiz and Soqotra Island, Yemen were investigated by using
light and scanning electron microscopes. Pollen grains of Hypoestes were
prolate in equatorial view, lobate trigonal to lobate circular in polar view
whereas those of Rhinacanthus were subspheroidal and rounded trigonal in
polar view. The aperture was tricolporate and exine ornamentation was coarsely
reticulate for all species in the two genera. Scanning electron microscopy and
morphological observations showed that mature dry seeds of Hypoestes and Rhinacanthus have various sizes and shapes, the surface ornamentations
observed were reticulate to cristate, an addition to the tuberculum and
papillae. The three Hypoestes species differ in the seed structure which are useful for identification and their high
structural diversity provides an important taxonomic value for species
differentiation.
Keywords: Acanthaceae; Hypoestes species; pollen morphology; Rhinacanthus
scoparius; seed morphology
ABSTRAK
Debunga dan biji Hypoestes dan Rhinacanthus yang peroleh dari lokaliti
lapangan berbeza di Taiz dan Pulau Soqotra, Yemen telah dikaji menggunakan
mikroskop cahaya dan mikroskop imbasan elektron. Debunga Hypoestes adalah
prolat pada pandangan khatulistiwa, lobat trigon kepada lobat membulat pada
pandangan kutub manakala debunga Rhinacanthus adalah subsferoid dan
trigon membulat pada pandangan kutub. Apertur adalah
trikolporat dan hiasan eksin adalah retikulat kasar untuk semua spesies
kedua-dua genus tersebut. Mikroskop imbasan elektron dan pemerhatian
morfologi telah menunjukkan biji matang kering Hypoestes dan Rhinacanthus mempunyai berbagai saiz dan bentuk, hiasan permukaan adalah retikulat hingga
kristat, disamping tuberkulum dan papila. Ketiga-tiga spesies Hypoestes berbeza
pada struktur biji yang berguna bagi pengecaman dan kepelbagaian struktur yang
tinggi memberikan nilai taksonomi yang penting untuk membezakan spesies.
Kata kunci: Acanthaceae;
morfologi debunga; morfologi kulit biji; Rhinacanthus
scoparius; spesies Hypoestes
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*Pengarang
untuk surat menyurat; email: anna_smh3@yahoo.com
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