Sains Malaysiana 44(2)(2015): 159–166

Identification of Appropriate Biodiversity Indicators for Ecologically Sustainable

Forest Management at National Level

(Pengenalpastian Penunjuk Kepelbagaian Biologi Sesuai untuk Pengurusan Hutan Mampan daripada Segi

Ekologi di Peringkat Kebangsaan)

AHMET TOLUNAY* & AYHAN AKYOL

Faculty of Forestry, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Cunur Isparta, Turkey

Diserahkan: 2 Mei 2014/Diterima: 4 Ogos 2014

ABSTRACT

Sustainable forest management (SFM) practices have started in 1999 in Turkey. A set of criteria and indicators, composed by the General Directorate of Forestry (GDF) on the basis of the criteria and indicators defined in the Pan-European and Near Eastern Processes, was enquired via a survey to serve this purpose. GDF tested the sustainability under the following titles: Situation of forest resources, biodiversity, health and vitality, production capacity and functions, protective functions and environmental and socio-economic functions. There were problems in identification and definition of SFM criteria and indicators. Biological diversity indicators has been selected, described and developed in this study. At this phase, the survey was completed upon receiving the views of the scientists interested in different dimensions of this topic as well as the views of other interest groups affiliated with forestry. As a result, there were 13 indicators that may be used as the basis of a regional or forest management unit level for the purpose of protecting, developing and maintaining biodiversity. Furthermore, these indicators are instruments, which may easily be used by relevant decision-makers in the management of forest resources in a more effective and productive manner.

Keywords: Biodiversity; ecological sustainability; forest resources; indicators; natural resource management; sustainable forest management

ABSTRAK

Amalan pengurusan hutan mampan (SFM) telah dimulakan pada tahun 1999 di Turki. Satu set kriteria dan petunjuk, digubah oleh Direktorat Jeneral Perhutanan (GDF) berasaskan kriteria dan petunjuk yang ditakrifkan dalam proses Pan-Eropah dan Timur berhampiran, diperoleh melalui kaji selidik untuk tujuan ini. GDF menguji ketahanan di bawah tajuk berikut: Situasi sumber hutan, kepelbagaian biologi, kesihatan dan kecergasan, kapasiti pengeluaran dan fungsi, fungsi perlindungan dan alam sekitar serta fungsi sosio-ekonomi. Terdapat masalah dalam pengenalpastian dan definisi kriteria dan petunjuk SFM. Petunjuk kepelbagaian biologi telah dipilih, diterang dan dibangunkan dalam kajian ini. Pada fasa ini, kaji selidik tersebut telah selesai setelah menerima pandangan daripada para saintis yang berminat dalam dimensi yang berbeza bagi topik ini serta pandangan kumpulan berkepentingan yang lain berkaitan perhutanan. Hasilnya, terdapat 13 penunjuk yang boleh digunakan sebagai asas serantau atau peringkat unit pengurusan hutan untuk tujuan melindungi, membangun dan mengekalkan kepelbagaian biologi. Di samping itu, petunjuk ini adalah instrumen yang boleh digunakan dengan mudah oleh pihak pembuat keputusan dalam pengurusan sumber hutan dengan cara yang lebih efektif dan produktif.

Kata kunci: Kepelbagaian biologi; pembangunan mapan ekologi; pengurusan hutan mampan; pengurusan sumber alam; petunjuk; sumber hutan

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: ahmettolunay@sdu.edu.tr