Sains Malaysiana 44(8)(2015): 1077–1084
Growth
Profile and Fatty Acid Accumulation of Four Chaetoceros
Taxa Isolated from Coastal Water of Pahang, Malaysia
(Profil
Tumbesaran dan
Pengumpulan Asid Lemak oleh Empat
Takson Chaetoceros
diasingkan
dari
Pesisiran Pantai
Pahang, Malaysia)
M.M.A.
FUAD1*,
N.
MOHAMMAD-NOOR2,
A.K.C.
JALAL2
& B.Y. KAMARUZZAMAN2
1Institut Kesihatan Umum, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia,
Jalan Bangsar, 50590 Kuala Lumpur,
Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
2Kulliyyah of Science,
International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan
Istana, Bandar Indera Mahkota,
25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 14 Mac 2014/Diterima: 2 April 2015
ABSTRACT
This indoor study was aimed
to analyze the production of fatty acids with their growth profile
from few marine algae under the Genus Chaetoceros isolated
from coastal water of Pahang, Malaysia. The algae were established
into culture using standard marine media (f/2 media) and the variation
of fatty acid for each species was determined using GCMS. Statistical analysis of
one-way ANOVA was performed to evaluate the significant and homogeneity
data on the growth of each alga and total fatty acid percentage
obtained. The results showed that four taxa were successfully cultivated
and identified as Chaetoceros baculites,
Chaetoceros anastomosans,
Chaetoceros affinis var. willei and Chaetoceros affinis var. affinis. Out
of four Chaetoceros, C. baculites
showed the highest growth rate (0.75 cell.day-1)
and division’s value (1.08) while C. anastomosans
showed the highest doubling time value (8.66). Statistical analysis
showed that all species have significantly different growth rate
(p<0.05). Myristic acid was the main component for fatty acid storage
for C. baculites, C. anastomosans
and C. affinis var. willei
whereas palmitic acid for C. affinis
var. affinis. All species contained about 35 to 75% of total
percentage fatty acids throughout the growth day. Based on total
percentage, both affinis varieties had
high fatty acid percentage compared with the other two species with
the total percentage of more than 70%. As a conclusion, all four
taxa are suitable to be used in lipid industry in Malaysia with
C. affinis var. affinis is the best candidate for bio-fuel industry and
C. anastomosans for pharmaceutical
industry.
Keywords: Chaetoceros; fatty acids; growth; indoor;
industry
ABSTRAK
Kajian secara dalam persekitaran
dijalankan untuk
menganalisis pengeluaran asid lemak dengan
profil tumbesaran
daripada beberapa spesies alga marin
di bawah Genus Chaeotoceros yang
diasingkan dari
pesisiran pantai Pahang, Malaysia.
Kesemua alga dimantapkan
dalam bentuk
kultur dengan
menggunakan media marin
yang dipiawai (f/2 media) dan
variasi asid
lemak untuk setiap
spesies ditentukan
dengan menggunakan GCMS.
Analisis
statistik ANOVA satu-hala
digunakan untuk
menilai kesignifikan dan kehomogenan data ke atas tumbesaran
setiap alga serta
jumlah peratusan asid lemak yang diterima. Hasil menunjukkan empat
spesies berjaya
dikulturkan dan dikenal pasti sebagai
Chaetoceros baculites, Chaetoceros anastomosans, Chaetoceros affinis var. willei dan Chaetoceros affinis var. affinis. Daripada empat spesies tersebut, C. baculites menunjukkan
kadar pertumbuhan
yang tinggi (0.75 cell.day-1)
dan nilai pendua yang tinggi (1.08) manakala C. anastomosans menunjukkan kadar masa
pendua yang tinggi (8.66). Analisis statistik menunjukkan kesemua spesies mempunyai kadar pertumbuhan
yang bererti (p<0.05). Asid miristik
merupakan komponen
simpanan asid lemak
bagi C.
baculites, C. anastomosans dan C. affinis
var. willei
manakala asid palmitik
bagi C.
affinis var. affinis. Kesemua spesies
mengandungi lebih
kurang 35 hingga 75% jumlah peratusan asid lemak mengikut
hari tumbesaran. Berdasarkan
jumlah peratusan,
kedua-dua variasi affinis mempunyai jumlah peratusan asid lemak yang tinggi berbanding dua spesies yang lain dengan jumlah peratusan
melebihi 70%. Kesimpulannya,
kesemua empat
spesies adalah sesuai digunakan di dalam industri lipid di Malaysia
dengan C. affinis var. affinis merupakan calon yang sesuai bagi industri bio-bahan api
dan C. anastomosans
bagi industri farmaseutikal.
Kata kunci: Asid
lemak; Chaetoceros; dalam
persekitaran; industri;
tumbesaran
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*Pengarang untuk surat
menyurat; email: crystal_fuad@yahoo.com.sg
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