Sains Malaysiana 44(8)(2015): 1209-1216

Pembinaan Semula Fon Arab menggunakan Lengkung Bézier Kuartik

(Reconstruction of Arabic Font with Quartic Bézier Curve)

NUR ‘AFIFAH RUSDI* & ZAINOR RIDZUAN YAHYA

Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kampus Kubang Gajah, 02600 Arau, Perlis Indera Kayangan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 21 November 2014/Diterima: 22 April 2015

ABSTRAK

Padanan lengkung merupakan salah satu masalah yang sering menjadi perhatian terutamanya dalam bidang kejuruteraan balikan sejak dua dekad lepas. Dalam kajian ini, suatu kaedah dan algoritma baru telah direka untuk melakar semula garisan fon Arab. Evolusi pembezaan (EP) telah digunakan untuk mencari penyelesaian yang optimum bagi masalah padanan lengkung dengan menggunakan lengkung Bézier kuartik. Proses padanan lengkung ini merangkumi langkah berikut: Pengekstrakan sempadan dan pengesanan bucu, pemparameteran panjang rentas dan akhir sekali padanan lengkung. Bagi memastikan nilai titik kawalan yang dipilih mampu menghasilkan lengkung berparameter yang menyerupai lengkung asal fon tersebut, jumlah ralat kuasa dua (JRKD) digunakan untuk menghitung perbezaan antara lengkung asal imej dan lengkung berparameter.

Kata kunci: Evolusi pembezaan; jumlah ralat kuasa dua; lengkung kuartik bézier; penyuaian lengkung

ABSTRACT

Curve fitting is one of the main problems in reverse engineering which is immensely worked on during the last two decades. In this paper, a new technique and an algorithm have been designed to capture the outlines of Arabic fonts. Differential evolution (DE) had been used to find the optimal solution of the curve fitting problem by using quartic Bézier curve. The process of capturing outlines includes the following steps: Boundary extraction and corner point’s detection, chord length parameterization and curve fitting. In order to ensure that the control point that was chosen is the best in result, the parametric curve such that it is approximate to the original curve; sum square error (SSE) was used to calculate the distance between boundary of the original image and the parametric curve.

Keywords: Curve fitting; differential evolution; quartic bézier curve; sum square error

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: afifahrusdi@unimap.edu.my