Sains Malaysiana 45(10)(2016): 1537–1542

 

Advanced Maternal Age and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Muar, Johor, Malaysia

(Umur Lanjutan Maternal dan Kesan Mudarat Kehamilan di Muar, Johor, Malaysia)

HERNY ERDAWATI MOHD RASHED¹, S MARIA AWALUDDIN*², NOOR ANI AHMAD², NURUL HUDA MD SUPAR¹, ZUBIDAH MD LANI¹, FAUZIAH AZIZ¹, KAMARUL ARIFFIN SULAIMAN¹, RAFEDAH MASENGAT¹, NUR INTAN MOHD ITHNIN¹, ZULKIPLI OTHMAN¹ & TAHIR ARIS²

 

¹Muar Health District Office, Jalan Othman, 84000 Muar, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

 

²Institute for Public Health, Jalan Bangsar, 50590 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 15 Mei 2015/Diterima: 14 Januari 2016

 

ABSTRACT

Various factors may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes; either maternal or foetal outcomes. This study aimed was to determine the association between advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes. This is a cross sectional study. Data were collected from the birth records from January 1st 2012 until December 31st 2012 in Muar District. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses were done and the results were presented as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with p-value <0.05. The proportion of birth in Muar district, Johor was 14.8% among mothers aged 35 years and older and 85.2% among mothers aged 20 to 34 years. Advanced maternal age was associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension (aOR: 5.00; 95%CI: 1.95-12.65), gestational diabetes mellitus (aOR: 2.32; 95%CI: 1.35-4.00) and Caesarean section (aOR: 2.21; 95%CI: 1.53-3.19). Anaemia was negatively associated with advanced maternal age (aOR: 0.50; 95%CI: 0.32-0.78). No significant association was found between advanced maternal age and adverse foetal outcomes. In view of the findings, special attention should be paid to the antenatal mothers aged 35 years and older, even to those without any pre-existing medical problems.

 

Keywords: Adverse pregnancy outcomes; anaemia; maternal age

 

ABSTRAK

Terdapat banyak faktor yang menyumbang kepada kesan mudarat kehamilan sama ada terhadap ibu atau fetus. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara umur lanjutan maternal dengan kesan mudarat kehamilan. Kajian ini adalah kajian keratan rentas. Data dikumpulkan daripada rekod kelahiran yang berdaftar dari 1 Januari 2012 sehingga 31 Disember 2012 di daerah Muar. Analisis deskriptif dan logistik regresi berganda telah dijalankan dan keputusan dibentangkan sebagai nisbah ganjil terlaras (aOR) dengan nilai p<0.05. Pecahan jumlah kelahiran di daerah Muar, Johor adalah 14.8% dalam kalangan ibu berumur 35 tahun dan ke atas dan 85.2% dalam kalangan ibu berumur 20-34 tahun. Umur lanjutan maternal dikaitkan dengan penyakit darah tinggi semasa mengandung (aOR: 5.00; 95%CI: 1.95-12.65), penyakit kencing manis semasa mengandung (aOR: 2.32; 95%CI: 1.35-4.00) dan pembedahan Caesarean (aOR: 2.21; 95%CI: 1.53-3.19). Anemia pula berhubungan secara negatif dengan umur lanjutan maternal (aOR: 0.50; 95%CI: 0.32-0.78). Tiada hubungan yang signifikan ditemui antara umur lanjutan maternal dan kesan mudarat kepada fetus. Dengan penemuan ini, perhatian istimewa perlu diberikan kepada ibu mengandung pada umur 35 tahun dan ke atas walaupun ibu tersebut tidak mempunyai masalah kesihatan sebelumnya.

 

Kata kunci: Anemia; kesan mudarat kehamilan; umur maternal

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: smaria@moh.gov.my