Sains Malaysiana 45(3)(2016): 323–327
Multiplex PCR Assays
for Species Discrimination of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.)
Stapf and C. nardus (L.) Rendle, Two Common ‘Serai’ (Lemon
Grass) Species in Peninsular Malaysia
(Asai ‘Multiplex PCR’
bagi Membezakan Cymbopogon citratus (DC.)
Stapf dan C. nardus (L.) Rendle, Dua Spesies Serai yang
Biasa Diperoleh di Semenanjung Malaysia)
WEI LUN
NG1,
SWEE
KEONG
YEAP2,
NUR
SYAZANA
MOHAMED
ABU
BAKAR1,
WAN NURFATIN
WAN
MOHD
JAAFAR1
& SOON GUAN TAN1*
1Department of Cell
and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular
Sciences
Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Institut Biosains,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan,
Malaysia
Diserahkan: 30
April 2015/Diterima: 28 September 2015
ABSTRACT
Aromatic grass species Cymbopogon
citratus (‘serai biasa/serai makan’) and C. nardus (‘serai
wangi’) can be commonly found throughout Peninsular Malaysia.
C. citratus is used in traditional Malaysian cooking and
brewed as tea, while C. nardus is used in traditional medicine
for external application and in insect repellents. Due to similar
morphologies, it can be difficult to tell apart the species at
times. Based on DNA sequence alignments of three chloroplast
DNA intergenic spacer regions, namely atpB-rbcL, trnH-psbA
and trnL-trnF, we designed species-specific primers
for multiplex PCR assays for rapid species discrimination between C.
citratus and C. nardus. The method described here makes
use of simple molecular techniques that are time- and cost-effective
for large-scale application. Such an assay will be useful for
the quality assurance of food and medicinal products.
Keywords: Food quality assurance;
herb; molecular identification; serai makan; serai wangi
ABSTRAK
Spesies rumput aromatik Cymbopogon
citratus (‘serai biasa/serai makan’) dan C. nardus (‘serai wangi’) biasa diperoleh di sekitar Semenanjung Malaysia.
C. citratus digunakan dalam masakan tradisi Malaysia
dan direbus sebagai teh, manakala C. nardus digunakan dalam
perubatan tradisi untuk aplikasi luaran dan penghalau serangga.
Oleh kerana morfologinya yang sama, kedua-dua spesies ini sukar
untuk dibezakan. Berdasarkan penjajaran jujukan DNA daripada tiga ‘intergenic spacer’ DNA kloroplas
iaitu atpB-rbcL, trnH-psbA dan trnL-trnF, ‘primer’
khusus telah dihasilkan untuk kaedah ‘multiplex PCR’ bagi membezakan C. citratus
dan C. nardus dengan cepat. Kaedah yang digunakan melibatkan
teknik molekul ringkas yang menjimatkan masa dan kos untuk penggunaan
berskala besar. Kaedah ini berguna dalam proses penjaminan kualiti
produk makanan dan ubat-ubatan.
Kata kunci: Herba; jaminan kualiti makanan; pengesahan secara molekul;
serai makan; serai wangi
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email:
sgtan@upm.edu.my