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Sains Malaysiana 45(9)(2016): 1399–1403 Mild Cognitive Impairment does not Affect
Pattern Electroretinogram in the Elderly - A pilot Study (Kecelaan Kognitif Ringan tidak Memberi
Kesan pada Pola Elektroretinogram dalam Kalangan Warga Tua - Suatu
Kajian Awal) SWEE PENG
FUN1,
NORHANI
MOHIDIN2*,
AZZATUL
AINUR
MOHD
KAMAL1,
ZAINORA
MOHAMMED1
& BARIAH MOHD-ALI1 1Optometry & Vision Sciences
Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Jalan
Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia 2Department of Optometry, Faculty
of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Diserahkan:
31 Disember 2015/Diterima: 2 Mei 2016 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was
to examine the effects of mild cognitive impairment on pattern electroretinogram
(pERG) among urban elderly Malays. A total of 36 subjects aged 60
years and above comprising of 18 MCI subjects and 18 normal controls
were recruited for this study. The inclusion criteria for both the
MCI
and normal subjects included best corrected distance
visual acuity ≥ 6/9 (Snellen) with refractive error less than
±4.00 DS and/or
±2.00 DC (astigmatism), near visual acuity ≥ N8, absence
or no previous history of any significant media opacities, retinal
disorders and ocular pathologies. pERG was recorded with the RetiPort/Scan21
system in accordance with the International Society for the Clinical
Electrophysiology of Vision standards. The target presented to subjects
through a 19” CRT
monitor was a black and white reversing checkerboard
with luminance equal to 80 cd/m2,
contrast 97% and stimulus frequency 2.00 Hz (4 rev/s). Amplitudes
and implicit times of P50 and N95 waves generated by the system
were noted and compared between the two groups. The results showed
no significant difference in the amplitude and implicit times between
the right and left eyes so only the right eye was used for comparison
between the MCI and control groups. The mean
amplitude and implicit times of the right eye of the MCI and
control groups were 1.86±0.65 μV, 56.27±6.20 ms and 1.54±0.74
μV, 56.15±4.98 ms, respectively. T-test showed no significant
differences in pERG amplitudes and implicit times between MCI and the control groups. In conclusion,
our results may imply that the inner retina is intact in early MCI
elderly subjects. Keywords: Elderly; mild cognitive
impairment; pattern ERG ABSTRAK Penyelidikan ini bertujuan
untuk mengkaji kesan kecelaan kognitif ringan (MCI)
pada elektroretinogram (pERG) dalam kalangan warga tua Melayu di
bandar. Seramai 36 orang subjek berumur 60 tahun ke atas terdiri
daripada 18 orang subjek MCI dan 18 orang subjek normal sebagai kumpulan kawalan
telah diambil ke dalam kajian ini. Kriteria kemasukan bagi kedua-dua
kumpulan MCI
dan kawalan termasuk ketajaman penglihatan terbaik
dengan pembetulan ≥ 6/9 (Snellen) dengan ralat refraksi kurang
daripada ± 4.00 DS dan/atau
± 2.00 DC (astigmatisme), ketajaman penglihatan dekat ≥ N8,
tidak mempunyai sejarah kelegapan media, gangguan retina dan patologi
okular. pERG direkodkan mengikut piawaian Persatuan Antarabangsa
untuk Elektrofisiologi Klinikal Penglihatan. Sasaran petak segiempat
berbalik hitam dan putih diberikan kepada subjek melalui monitor
CRT 19”
dengan kegerlapan bersamaan 80 cd/m2, kontras 97% dan frekuensi
stimulus bersamaan 2Hz (4 rev/s). Amplitud dan masa tersirat P50
dan gelombang N95 yang dijana oleh sistem tersebut dibandingkan
antara kedua-dua kumpulan. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan tiada perbezaan
yang ketara dalam amplitud dan masa tersirat antara mata kanan dan
kiri, oleh itu hanya mata kanan digunakan untuk perbandingan seterusnya
antara kumpulan MCI dan
kawalan. Min amplitud dan masa tersirat pada mata kanan MCI dan
kawalan adalah 1.86± 0.65 μV, 56.27± 6.20 ms dan 1.54± 0.74
μV, 56.15±4.98 ms. Ujian t menunjukkan tiada perbezaan bererti
dalam pERG amplitud dan masa tersirat antara kumpulan MCI dan kawalan. Kesimpulannya,
keputusan kajian ini mungkin membayangkan bahawa bahagian dalam
retina masih dalam keadaan baik pada subjek warga tua MCI peringkat awal. Kata kunci: Kecelaan kognitif ringan; paten ERG;
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