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Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017):
1789–1795 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-16
Aplikasi Hidrogel
daripada Selulosa
Bakteria (BC-g-PAA)
sebagai Nanoreaktor
bagi Menghasilkan Nanozarah Ferum Oksida (FeNps) (A Novel Application
of Bacterial Cellulose Hydrogel (BC-g-PAA) as a Nanoreactor
to Produce
Ferum Oxide Nanoparticle (FeNps)) MELLISSA ANDARINI1, MARYAM
MOKHTAROM1,
BOHARI
M.
YAMIN1,
M.
CAIRUL
IQBAL
M.
AMIN2,
IZZATI
HASSAN1
& AZWAN MAT LAZIM1* 1Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia dan Teknologi Makanan,
Fakulti Sains
dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul
Ehsan, Malaysia 2Fakulti Farmasi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,, Jalan Raja
Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia Diserahkan: 10 Jun 2017/Diterima: 21 September 2017 ABSTRAK Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji
kebolehan hidrogel
daripada selulosa bakteria (BC-g-PAA)
sebagai pembawa bagi menghasilkan nanozarah ferum oksida (FeNps). Hidrogel selulosa telah
disintesis menggunakan
kaedah pempolimeran radikal bebas. Secara umum, kaedah
pempolimeran radikal
bebas ialah pempolimeran
berantai (pempolimeran
berion), dengan monomer radikal bebas menyerang
monomer lain yang ikatannya berganda
sehingga membentuk
rantai dan akan melebarkannya. Nanozarah ferum oksida (FeNps) telah dihasilkan melalui gabungan antara 1 × 10-4 g/mL
garam ferosenium
ke dalam sistem
hidrogel, seterusnya
agen penurun natrium
oksida (NaOH)
dengan kepekatan 1 M digunakan untuk mendapatkan zarah. Hidrogel di dalam larutan penimbal
pada pH10 ialah
yang mempunyai nisbah pembengkakan tertinggi. Keputusan FTIR
menunjukkan bahawa
asid akrilik
(AA)
berjaya dicangkukkan
pada jaringan selulosa
bakteria (SB). Imej hidrogel
telah dicirikan
melalui analisis mikroskopi elektron imbasan (SEM), diikuti
oleh spektroskopi
tenaga serakan X-ray (SEM-EDX)
dalam penentuan
peratusan elemen ferum (Fe). Nanozarah berhasil diperolah
selepas hidrogel
dikalsinkan, seterusnya zarah tersebut diuji melalui mikroskopi
transmisi elektron
(TEM)
dan pembelauan
sinar-X (XRD). Analisis TEM
menunjukkan diameter zarah berukuran 5 - 20 nm. Keputusan
XRD
mengesahkan bahawa
zarah yang diperoleh
ialah ferum oksida
(Fe3O4) yang terletak
pada puncak
2θ; 32°, 35°, 49° and 54°. Semua keputusan yang diperoleh
menunjukkan bahawa
hidrogel berasaskan selulosa bakteria berjaya digunakan sebagai nanoreaktor untuk menghasilkan nano zarah ferum
oksida (FeNps).
Kata kunci: Ferosenium; hidrogel; nanoreaktor; selulosa bakteria (SB) ABSTRACT The aim of this study
was to investigate the feasibility of bacterial cellulose hydrogel
(BC-g-PAA)
as a nanoreactor to produce ferum
oxide nanoparticles (FeNps). The bacterial
cellulose hydrogel was synthesized by using free radical polymerization
method. In general, free radical polymerization method is a type
of chain polymerization (like ionic polymerization), where free
radical monomer attacks double bond of another monomer to form
bond and propagate the free radical. Ferum oxide nanoparticles (FeNps)
were produced by incorporating 1×10-4 g/mL
ferrocenium salt (Fe+ Cl-)
into the hydrogel cellulose system and reduced using 1M concentration
of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The highest
swelling ratio was observed at basic buffer solution (pH10). The
FTIR analysis
was also conducted to confirm the grafting of acrylic acid (AA)
onto bacteria cellulose backbone. Hydrogel was characterized by
using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) followed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDEX)
to determine the iron (Fe) percentage. The resulting nanoparticles
were extracted from hydrogel after calcination process, further
analysed by using transmission electron
microscopy (TEM)
and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Analysis TEM showed
the diameter of particles ranges from 5-20 nm. XRD examination
confirmed that the ferum oxide particles
(Fe3O4)
were located 2θ; 32°, 35°, 49° and 54°. The result demonstrate
the feasibility of using bacterial cellulose hydrogel as promising
as nanoreactor to produced ferum oxide
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