Sains Malaysiana 46(11)(2017): 2029-2034
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4611-02
Experimental Identification
on Thresholds for early warning of Rainfall-induced Failure on Fractured
Slopes after Giant Earthquake
(Pengecaman
Eksperimen Ambang untuk Amaran Awal Kegagalan Aruhan Hujan ke atas
Cerun Retak selepas Gempa Bumi Besar)
ZONG-JI YANG1*,
JIAN-PING QIAO1, DONG HUANG1, TARO UCHIMURA2
& LIN WANG3
1Key Laboratory of Mountain hazards and Surface Process, Institute of Mountain hazards and Environment,
Chinese
Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, China
2Department of Civil Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
3Chuo Kaihatsu Corporation, Tokyo
Diserahkan: 26 Januari 2017/Diterima: 4 Jun 2017
ABSTRACT
Prevention and mitigation of rainfall induced geological
hazards after the Ms=8 Wenchuan earthquake on May 12th, 2008 were
significant for rebuild of earthquake hit regions. After the Wenchuan
earthquake, there were tens of thousands of fractured slopes which
were broken and loosened by the ground shaking, they were very susceptible
to heavy rainfall and change forms into potential debris flows.
In order to carry out this disaster reduction and prediction effectively
in Longmenshan region, careful real-time monitoring and pre-warning
of mountain hazards in both regional and site-specific scales is
reasonable as alternatives in Wenchuan earthquake regions. For pre-warning
the failure of fractured slopes induced by rainfall, the threshold
value or the critical value of the precipitation of hazards should
be proposed. However, the identification of critical criterion and
parameters to pre-warning is the most difficult issue in mountainous
hazards monitoring and pre-warning system especially in the elusive
and massive fractured slopes widespread in Wenchuan earthquake regions.
In this study, a natural coseismic fractured landslide in the Taziping
village, Hongkou County, Dujianyan City, was selected to conduct
the field experimental test, in order to identify the threshold
parameters and critical criterion of the fractured slopes of Taziping.
After the field experimental test, the correlation of rainfall intensity,
rainfall duration and accumulative rainfall was investigated. The
field experimental test was capable of identifying the threshold
factors for failure of rainfall-induced fractured slopes after the
giant earthquake.
Keywords: Fractured slopes; giant earthquake; rainfall induced; threshold
factors
ABSTRAK
Pencegahan dan mitigasi bencana geologi aruhan hujan
selepas gempa bumi Ms = 8 di Wenchuan pada 12 Mei 2008 adalah penting
untuk membina semula kawasan-kawasan yang terjejas. Selepas gempa
bumi ini, terdapat ribuan cerun yang retak dan pecah kerana gegaran
tanah telah terdedah kepada hujan lebat, berpotensi berubah menjadi
aliran puing. Pengurangan serta ramalan bencana secara berkesan
di rantau Longmenshan dapat dicapai dengan pemantauan masa nyata
dan pra-amaran terhadap bencana gunung pada wilayah dan tapak skala
spesifik. Bagi pra-amaran untuk kegagalan cerun retak aruhan hujan,
nilai ambang atau kritikal bencana perlu dicadangkan. Walaubagaimanapun,
pengenalpastian kriteria kritikal dan parameter untuk pra-amaran
adalah isu yang paling sukar dalam pemantauan bancana pergunungan.
Malahan sistem pra-amaran terutama di cerun yang retak sukar difahami
serta meluas di kawasan gempa Wenchuan. Dalam kajian ini, tanah
runtuh koseismos semula jadi di kampung Taziping, Wilayah Hongkou,
Bandar Dujianyan, telah dipilih untuk ujian eksperimen lapangan.
Hal ini bagi mengenal pasti parameter ambang dan kritikal pada cerun
pecah Taziping. Selepas ujian eksperimen lapangan, hubung kait antara
kekerapan dan tempoh hujan diselidiki. Ujian uji kaji lapangan ini
mampu mengenal pasti faktor ambang untuk kegagalan cerun retak aruhan
hujan selepas gempa bumi gergasi.
Kata kunci: Aruhan hujan; cerun retak;
faktor ambang; gempa bumi besar
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*Corresponding
author; email: yzj@imde.ac.cn
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