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http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4612-01
Population Genetic Analysis of Oceanic
Paddle Crab (Varuna litterata) in Thailand (Analisis Populasi Genetik Ketam Meranduk
Laut (Varuna litterata) di Thailand) JUTHAMAS SUPPAPAN1,
JAMJUN
PECHSIRI1,
SOMPONG
O-THONG1,
ARUNRAT
VANICHANON1, PRADIT SANGTHONG2
& VERAKIAT SUPMEE3* 1Biotechnology Program,
Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Phattalung Campus Phattalung 93100,
Thailand 2Department of Genetics,
Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand 3Department of Science,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology
Srivijaya, Nakhon Si Thammarat Campus, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80110
Thailand Diserahkan: 7 Ogos
2016/Diterima: 22 Mei 2017 ABSTRACT Population genetic structure
of Varuna litterata living along the coast of Thailand were examined
in this study. The samples were collected from 3 coastal regions:
The Andaman sea (Satun, Trang, Phang Nga), the lower Gulf of Thailand
(Pattani, Songkhla, Nakhon Si Thammarat) and the upper Gulf of Thailand
(Petchburi, Samut Songkram, Rayong, Trat). Intraspecific variation
was determined based on partial sequences of the cytochrome oxidase
subunits I gene. A total of 182 samples were collected but only
32 haplotypes were obtained from these samples. An excess of rare
haplotypes indicated that the female effective population size of
V. litterata living along the coast of Thailand is large.
Estimated values of haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity
were 0.790 and 0.003, respectively. The AMOVA (analysis of molecular variance)
and phylogenetic analysis results showed that based on genetic variation,
the population of this organism was found to have 2 genetically
different populations: The Andaman sea population and the Gulf of
Thailand population. Genetic exchange of V. litterata among
populations inhabiting along the coast of Thailand could be described
by the stepping stone model. The results of neutrality tests, both
Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs statistics,
yielded negative values (-1.992 and -26.877, respectively) and statistically
significant deviation from the neutrality, indicating that the V.
litterata living along the Thailand coast had experienced population
expansion. Mismatch distribution analysis indicated that a possible
expansion occurred 211,428 years ago during the Pleistocene glaciations
period. Keywords: COI gene;
genetic diversity; grapsid crab; mitochondrial DNA ABSTRAK Struktur populasi genetik Varuna
litterata yang hidup di sepanjang pesisir pantai di Thailand
telah dikaji. Sampel dikumpul daripada tiga rantau pesisir pantai:
Laut Andaman (Satun, Trang, Phang Nga), bahagian bawah Teluk Thailand
(Pattani, Songkhla, Nakhon Si Thammarat) dan di bahagian atas Teluk Thailand
(Petchburi, Samut Songkram, Rayong, Trat). Variasi intraspesies
ditentukan berdasarkan urutan separa subunit sitokrom oksidase gen
I. Sejumlah 182 sampel telah diambil tetapi hanya 32 haplotip telah
diperoleh daripada sampel tersebut. Lebihan haplotip langka menunjukkan
saiz populasi betina V. litterata yang berkesan hidup di
sepanjang Pantai di Thailand adalah besar. Anggaran nilai kepelbagaian
haplotip dan kepelbagaian nukleotida masing-masing adalah 0.790
dan 0.003. Keputusan AMOVA
(analisis molekul varians) dan analisis filogeni menunjukkan
bahawa berdasarkan variasi genetik, populasi organisma ini didapati
mempunyai dua populasi genetik berbeza: Populasi Laut Andaman dan
Teluk Thailand. Pertukaran genetik V. litterata antara populasi
yang mendiami di sepanjang Pantai Thailand dapat diterangkan dengan
model batu loncatan. Ujian keputusan berkecuali, kedua-dua statistik
D Tajima dan Fs Fu
masing-masing menghasilkan nilai negatif (-1.992 dan -26.877) dan
signifikan secara statistik sisihan daripada yang berkecuali, menunjukkan
bahawa V. litterata yang hidup di sepanjang Pantai Thailand
telah mengalami pengembangan populasi. Analisis pengagihan tak sepadan
menunjukkan potensi pengembangan berlaku di 211,428 tahun yang lalu
semasa tempoh Pleistocene glaciations. Kata kunci: DNA mitokondrium; gen
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