Sains Malaysiana 46(1)(2017): 9–19

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4601-02

Demersal Fish and Shrimp Abundance in Relation to Mangrove Hydrogeomorphological Metrics

(Kaitan Kelimpahan Ikan Dasar dan Udang dengan Metriks Hidrogeomorfologi Paya Bakau)

JAMIZAN A.R. & CHONG V.C.*

Institute Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory

Malaysia

Diserahkan: 1 Disember 2015/Diterima: 18 April 2016

ABSTRACT

Previous studies have found positive correlations between mangrove forest extent and fisheries yield but none of these univariate relationships provide a reliable estimate of yield from mangrove area. This study tests the hypothesis that the nursery ground value or natural production of fish and shrimps is related to the hydrogeomorphology settings of mangrove forests by using multivariate redundancy analysis (RDA). The hydrogeomorphological metrics of five mangrove forests imaged by satellite were measured using Geographical Information System (GIS). The RDA indicated that the metrics, including mangrove area, multiple waterways and creeks, mangrove-river interface, waterway surface area and sediment organic matter, influenced the diversity and abundance of fish and shrimps. Larger values of these metrics increase the abundance of economically important fish species of the families Lutjanidae, Haemulidae, Serranidae and economically-important penaeid shrimps. Sediment organic matter also significantly correlates with the distribution and abundance of fish that feed off the bottom such as the Leiognathidae, Clupeidae and Mullidae. Mangrove forests with combinations of large mangrove area, river surface area, high stream ordering and longest mangrove-river interface will provide greater role as nursery grounds for fish and shrimps.

Keywords: Fish; GIS; hydrogeomorphology; mangrove; nursery ground value; shrimp; RDA

ABSTRAK

Kajian terdahulu mendapati terdapat korelasi positif antara hutan bakau dan taburan ikan, tetapi bukan semua hubungan univariat tersebut dapat memberikan anggaran yang sebenar hasil tangkapan dari kawasan paya bakau. Kajian ini menguji hipotesis bahawa nilai nurseri atau pengeluaran semula jadi ikan dan udang adalah berkaitan dengan pemboleh ubah hidrogeomorfologi hutan bakau melalui analisis lewahan multivariat (RDA). Metriks hidrogeomorfologi lima hutan bakau dengan pengimejan satelit diukur menggunakan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS). RDA menunjukkan bahawa metrik tersebut termasuk keluasan hutan bakau, beberapa anak sungai dan jeram, interfasa paya bakau-sungai, kawasan permukaan sungai dan bahan organik sedimen, mempengaruhi spesies dan kelimpahan ikan dan udang. Nilai yang besar bagi metriks ini akan meningkatkan spesies ikan yang penting daripada segi ekonomi terutamanya daripada famili Lutjanidae, Haemulidae, Serranidae, dan udang penaeid. Bahan sedimen organik juga jelas mempunyai hubung kait dengan taburan dan kelimpahan ikan yang makan di permukaan dasar seperti Leiognathidae, Clupeidae dan Mullidae. Hutan bakau dengan kombinasi keluasan paya bakau, kawasan permukaan sungai, bilangan anak sungai, dan interfasa bakau-sungai yang tinggi akan memberikan peranan yang lebih besar sebagai kawasan nurseri untuk ikan dan udang.

Kata kunci: GIS; hidrogeomorfologi; hutan bakau; ikan; nilai nurseri; RDA; udang

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: chong@um.edu.my