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Sains Malaysiana 46(3)(2017):
457–461
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4603-13
Detection of Naringenin and Kaempferol in Justicia
gendarussa Leaf Extracts by GC-FID
(Pengesanan Naringenin dan Kaempferol dalam
Ekstrak Daun Justicia gendarussa
oleh GC-FID)
ZAHIDAH AYOB1, SHAJARAHTUNNUR JAMIL2, SITI PAULIENA MOHD BOHARI3,
FAREDIAH AHMAD2 & AZMAN ABD SAMAD3*
1Faculty of Biosciences
and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
81310 Johor Bahru, Johor
Darul Takzim, Malaysia
2Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
81310 Johor Bahru, Johor
Darul Takzim, Malaysia
3Department of
Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Biosciences and
Medical Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim,
Malaysia
Diserahkan: 26 Mei
2016/Diterima: 11 Julai 2016
ABSTRACT
Justicia gendarussa methanolic
leaves extract from four different locations in Southern region of Malaysia and
distribution of two flavonoids, naringenin and kaempferol in plant organs
(young and mature leaves) were determined using gas chromatography-flame
ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis. Naringenin and
kaempferol contents were detected and quantified in leaves extract. The results
indicated that mature leaves contained more naringenin and kaempferol compared
to young leaves. The highest concentration of naringenin and kaempferol were
recorded in mature leaves from Skudai and Muar regions which were 507.692 and
1226.964 mgkg-1, respectively. Data analysis
showed that naringenin content was directly proportional to the amount of
kaempferol in the leaf extracts. In conclusion, this study suggested
geographical variation among plant samples and physiological stage of organ
parts could contribute to variation in flavonoids concentration in a plant
species.
Keywords: Flavonoids; GC-FID; Justicia gendarussa; kaempferol; naringenin
ABSTRAK
Ekstrak daun Justicia
gendarussa menggunakan metanol daripada empat lokasi berbeza di wilayah
selatan Malaysia dan taburan dua sebatian flavonoid, naringenin dan kaempferol
dalam organ-organ tumbuhan (daun muda dan tua) telah ditentukan dengan
menggunakan analisis Gas Kromatografi -Pengesan Pengionan Nyala (GC-FID).
Kandungan naringenin dan kaempferol telah dikesan dan ditentukan dalam ekstrak
daun. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa daun tua mengandungi lebih naringenin
dan kaempferol berbanding daun muda. Kepekatan tertinggi naringenin dan
kaempferol telah dicatatkan pada daun tua dari kawasan Skudai dan kawasan Muar
yang masing- masing adalah 507.692 dan 1226.964 mgkg-1.
Analisis data menunjukkan kandungan naringenin adalah berkadar terus dengan
amaun kaempferol pada ekstrak daun. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini mencadangkan
variasi geografi dalam kalangan sampel tumbuhan dan tahap fisiologi bahagian
organ boleh menyumbang kepada variasi kepekatan flavonoid pada spesies
tumbuhan.
Kata
kunci: Flavonoid; GC-FID; Justicia gendarussa;
kaempferol; naringenin
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: azmansamad@utm.my
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