Sains Malaysiana 47(2)(2018): 261-268
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4702-07
Effects of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol
and Selected Herbicides which Induced Lipid Peroxidation on Quantum
Yield and Membrane Integrity of Weedy Plants under Dark and Light
Conditions
(Kesan 2,4-Di-tert-butilfenol dan Racun Herba Lipid Peroksida Terpilih pada Hasil
Kuantum dan Integriti Membran Tumbuhan Rumpai di bawah Keadaan Gelap dan Terang)
Naimah Abdul
Halim1, Nyuk Ling Ma2,
Ismail Sahid3 & Tse Seng Chuah1*
1School of Food Science and Technology, University of Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
2School of Fundamental Sciences, University of Malaysia Terengganu, 21030
Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
3School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 16 Jun 2017/Diterima: 14 Ogos 2017
ABSTRACT
2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) has
herbicidal properties that cause lipid peroxidation on plant tissues.
The present study aimed at examining
the phytotoxic effects of 2,4-DTBP compared to that of selected
herbicides which induced lipid peroxidation based on quantum yield
(Φ) and membrane integrity of two bioassay
weed species namely Oldenlandia verticillata and Leptochloa chinensis under light and dark conditions. Laboratory
assays showed reduced Φ of 2,4-DTBP- and dinoterb-treated
leaf discs within the first 3 h of the dark incubation
period, with further decrease during the subsequent 15 h dark
period and 6 h light period. Diuron drastically reduced the
Φ of the bioassay species throughout
the incubation period. The Φ of glufosinate-treated O. verticillata leaf discs was marginally
reduced and decreased further upon light exposure; it had no effect
on the Φ of L. chinensis. Fluridone, isoxaflutole, clomazone and oxyfluorfen
also had negligible effect on Φ, whereas paraquat caused a rapid reduction
in Φ upon light exposure for both bioassay species. 2,4-DTBP, paraquat and
dinoterb induced electrolyte leakage during the dark incubation
period; this was further increased in the presence of light for
O. verticillata and L. chinensis. For both bioassay species, glufosinate caused
a marked amount of electrolyte leakage, whereas diuron, fluridone,
isoxaflutole, clomazone and oxyfluorfen had negligible effect
on ion leakage. These results suggested that 2,4-DTBP has herbicidal
activity comparable to that of dinoterb without dependence on
light.
Keywords: Electrolyte
leakage; Leptochloa chinensis; Oldenlandia verticillata; photosynthesis
ABSTRAK
2,4-Di-tert-butilfenol
(2,4-DTBP) mempunyai sifat racun herba yang menyebabkan peroksidaan
lipid pada tisu tumbuhan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji
kesan fitotoksik 2,4-DTBP berbanding racun herba lipid peroksida
terpilih berdasarkan hasil kuantum (Φ) dan integriti membran
melalui bioasai dua spesies rumpai iaitu Oldenlandia
verticillata dan Leptochloa
chinensis di bawah keadaan terang dan gelap. Asai makmal
mendedahkan penurunan Φ 2,4-DTBP- dan cakera daun dinoterb
yang dirawat dalam tempoh 3 jam pertama dalam inkubasi yang gelap,
dengan penurunan selanjutnya dalam tempoh gelap 15 jam dan tempoh
cerah 6 jam yang seterusnya. Spesies bio-asai diuron berkurang
secara drastik Φ sepanjang tempoh inkubasi. Φ daripada
cakera daun O. verticillata yang dirawat glufosinat telah berkurang sedikit dan terus berkurang apabila
terdedah pada cahaya; ia tidak mempunyai kesan pada Φ L.
chinensis. Fluridone, isoxaflutole, clomazon dan oksifluorfen
juga mempunyai kesan yang tidak dapat diabaikan pada Φ, sedangkan
paraquat menyebabkan pengurangan pesat dalam Φ apabila pendedahan
cahaya untuk kedua spesies bioassai. 2,4-DTBP, paraquat dan kebocoran
elektrolit oleh dinoterb semasa tempoh inkubasi gelap; ini semakin
meningkat di hadapan cahaya untuk O. verticillata
dan L. chinensis. Bagi
kedua-dua spesies bioassai, glufosinat menyebabkan kebocoran elektrolit
yang ketara, sedangkan diuron, fluridone, isoxaflutole, clomazon
dan oksifluorfen mempunyai kesan yang tidak dapat diabaikan pada
kebocoran ion. Keputusan ini menunjukkan bahawa 2,4-DTBP mempunyai
aktiviti racun herba yang setanding dengan dinoterb tanpa kebergantungan
pada cahaya.
Kata kunci:
Fotosintesis; kebocoran elektrolit; Leptochloa chinensis; Oldenlandia verticillata
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: chuahts@umt.edu.my